Western Art

• Art period


  Specific length of time in history with prominent movement, trend, or creed in artistic practice
• Art Movements


  Sets of distinguishable styles and artistic tendencies often characterized by a major trend in techniques or approach
• Art criticism


  Discipline of the arts that seems to be both healthy and dying
• Prehistoric Period


  Cave paintings, venus figurines are considered portable sculptures
• Greek Standard of Beauty

  Birth of Classical Age
• Romans were competitors of Greece
• Stone Age


  Period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival
• Stone Age Arts


  • Small portable objects
  • Cave paintings
  • Early sculpture and architecture
• Stone Age Arts provide modern society a glimpse of beliefs, practices, activities of early civilizations
• Prehistoric Art


  Revealed a gradual shift from nomadic lifestyle to permanent settlement
• Paleolithic Art


  Product of climate change
• Paleolithic Art can be considered ornamental but only has little evidence to fully back up that it is created (cave paintings) for that purpose (to record their living)
• Neolithic Art


  Developed when life for early humans became more stable
• Neolithic Art was all arts and crafts by communities who abandoned the roaming, nomadic style of hunting and gathering foods
• Egyptian Civilization


  Can be divided into three periods: Old, Middle, and New Kingdom
• Egyptian Art


  Should be something religious and spiritual
• Old Kingdom

  Religion was bound to afterlife
• Middle Kingdom


  There was a shift in political hierarchy, with the emergence of powerful groups of landlords that threatened the authority and rule of the pharaoh
• Geometric period


  Geometric shapes and patterns have taken the spotlight
• Archaic Period


  Importance on human figures (1000 - 450 BCE)
• Classical Period


  Peak of Greek sculpture and architecture
• Hellenistic Period


  Time of Alexander the Great
• Hellenistic Period


  • Focused on showing emotions and depicting reality
• Ancient Rome


  Followed the Greek arts because of their fondness to the Greeks
• Middle Ages


  Focused on saints and patrons as subject
• Church


  Death of artistic freedom because of canonical standards of visual interpretation
• Middle Ages


  • Rise of Gothic art
  • Stained glass windows and illuminated manuscripts
• Renaissance Art


  Revival of artistic genius
• Renaissance Art


  • Esteemed individual as subject of arts
  • Emphasized naturalism
  • Emphasis on proportionality of human body
• Renaissance man


  Term because of man's intellectual achievement in art and science
• Mannerism


  Product of Renaissance period
• Mannerism

  • Artist would observe nature and try their best to emulate it according to their observations
  • Named after "maniera" Italian term for style or manner
  • Refers to stylized and exaggerated approach in painting and sculpture
• Baroque


  Derived from Portuguese term barocco meaning "irregularly shaped pearl"
• Baroque


  • Response to Protestantism
  • Grandiose and ornate art
• Chiaroscuro


  Spot light effect
• Tenebrism


  Extreme usage of spot light effect
• Neoclassicism

  Movement in europe that transpired during late 18th to early 19th century and aims to revive and rekindle influence of greek and roman to art and architecture
• Romanticism

  Movement in arts and literature that originated in late 18th century and emphasizes emotion, individualism, and highlights heroic elements.
• Realism

  Focuses on accuracy of details that depicts and mirror reality.
• Impressionism

  started in france in mid to late 1880s and incorporates scientific principles to achieve more distinct representation of color