Literary devices

• Line


  An element of art used to define shape, contours, and outlines, also to suggest mass and volume
• Characteristics of lines


  • Curved
  • Dotted
  • Broken
  • Vertical
  • Horizontal
  • Diagonal
• Horizontal line


  • Creates an impression of serenity and perfect stability
• Vertical line

  • Creates an impression of strength and perfect stability
• Diagonal line


  • Creates an impression of action
• Curved line


  • Creates an impression of gradual change of direction
• Circular line


  • Creates an impression of abrupt change of direction
• Types of lines


  • Outlines
  • Contour lines
  • Expressive lines
  • Sketch lines
  • Calligraphic lines
  • Implied lines
• Shape


  An area that is enclosed by a line or lines, two dimensional figures with height and width
• What is the most essential learning competency discussed in the study material?


  Discuss how different contexts enhance the text’s meaning and enrich the reader’s understanding
• What are the learning objectives mentioned in the study material?

  Define the different elements of poetry and short story, and identify the elements of a literary text
• What are the common elements of poetry?

  • Persona
  • Form
  • Imagery
  • Sound Patterns
• What is a persona in poetry?

  A persona is a dramatic character who is the speaker in the poem and is not always the poet.
• How is poetry structured?

  Poetry is written in lines, which are often divided into groups called stanzas.
• What is imagery in poetry?

  Imagery is the use of language that appeals to the five senses: visual, auditory, gustatory, tactile, and olfactory.
• Which poem contains several images or mental pictures in its second and third stanzas?

  Percy Bysshe Shelley’s "Ode to the West Wind"
• What are sound patterns in poetry?

  Sound patterns include rhyme, rhythm, and other literary devices that pertain to sounds.
• What is rhyme in poetry?


  Rhyme is the repetition of similar or identical sounds at the end of poetic lines.
• What is a rhyme scheme?


  A rhyme scheme is the pattern of the rhyme placed at the end of each line or stanza in a poem.
• How does the poem "Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?" illustrate rhyme?


  The poem uses a consistent rhyme scheme throughout its lines.
• What are the types of poetry assigned for individual performance?

  • English/American Classical Literature
  • Edgar Allan Poe
  • William Shakespeare
  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning
  • John Milton
  • William Blake
• What are the two pairs of poems mentioned for study?

  1. "Sonnets from the Portuguese" / "If Thou Must Love Me"
  2. "Passionate Shepherd to His Love" / "The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd"
• Why do writers use sound devices in poetry?

  Sound devices reinforce the meaning of poetry and help form visual images while highlighting mood and tone.
• How do sound devices function in stories and novels?

  Sound devices help readers hear an inner voice reading the text, enhancing the reading experience.
• What are some commonly used sound devices?

  • Alliteration
  • Assonance
  • Consonance
  • Cacophony
  • Euphony
  • Onomatopoeia
  • Repetition
  • Rhyme
• What is figurative language?

  Figurative language is used by literary authors to deliver a more effective, persuasive, and impactful message.
• What are some common figures of speech that are not classified as sound devices?

  Analogy, cliché, connotation, denotation, euphemism, hyperbole, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, and synecdoche.
• What are some literary techniques used by authors?

  • Allusion
  • Allegory
  • Dichotomy
  • Juxtaposition
• What are the literary elements in prose?

  • Characterization
  • Conflict
  • Plot
  • Point of view
  • Setting
  • Theme
• What are some literary techniques commonly used in prose?

  • Atmosphere
  • Flashback
  • Foreshadowing