THE ANIMAL KINGDOM

• 9 phyla we will mention

  • Porifera-sponges
  • Cnidaria-jellyfish, sea anemones, coral
  • Platyhelminthes-flatworms
  • Nematoda-roundworms
  • Annelida-earthworms
  • Mollusca-shelled animals
  • Arthropoda-insects, spiders
  • Echinodermata-spiny-skinned
  • Chordata-vertebrates (and others)
• Porifera


  • Asymmetrical
  • Pores-filter feeders
  • Not motile (sessile)
  • Provide habitat for other animals
  • Eaten by starfish and some fish
  • Most primitive animal
• Phylum Cnidaria


  Jellyfish, sea anemones, coral
• Cnidaria


  • Digestive cavity called a coelenteron
  • Radial symmetry
  • Predators-feed on crustaceans
  • Corals provide important habitat for fish
  • Coral used for decoration and threatened by pollution
  • All have stinging cells
• Phylum Platyhelminthes


  Planarians, tapeworms, flukes
• Platyhelminthes


  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Cephalization- head and brain
  • Acoelomate- no body cavity
  • Incomplete digestive system (one opening)
  • Some are parasites in digestive tract
  • In early 1900's models ate them to be thin-YUK!
• Nematoda


  • Also called nematodes
  • Complete digestive system-separate mouth and anus (2 openings)
  • Pseudocoelomate
  • Decomposers, predators (bacteria, inverts)
  • Eaten by insects, mice
  • Beneficial to garden by eating insects
• Phylum Annelida


  Segmented worms, i.e. earthworms, leeches
• Annelida


  • True coelom
  • Sensitive to vibrations on ground-rain
  • Prey for robins, shrews, jays, snakes
  • Leeches have cornified knobs to break skin, anticoagulant and anesthetic
• Phylum Mollusca


  Shelled...sometimes, i.e. snails, slugs, clams, mussels, scallops, oysters, octopus and squid
• Mollusca


  • Variety in form
  • Giant squid sea serpent
  • Introduction of garden snails
• Phylum Arthropoda


  Jointed legged animals, i.e. insects, spiders and scorpions, shellfish (crustaceans), centipedes (1 pr legs per segment), millipedes (2 pr)
• Arthropoda


  • Exoskeleton
  • Metamorphosis
  • Pheromones
  • Molting
• Phylum Echinodermata


  Spiny-skinned, i.e. sea stars = starfish, sea urchins
• Echinodermata


  • Water vascular system
  • Tube feet
  • Important predators
• Phylum Chordata


  Includes the vertebrates, i.e. fish, sharks, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
• Chordata


  • Notochord, nerve cord, gill slits, tail
• Kingdom Animalia Characteristics


  • Heterotrophs
  • Eukaryotic
  • Multicellular
  • No cell wall, no chloroplasts
  • Motile
  • Sense Organs