HEALTH

• Consumer health


  Information that enables individuals to evaluate and select appropriate health products and services
• Factors that influence consumer behaviour

  • Needs
  • Desires
  • Price
  • Convenience
  • Quality
• Components of consumer health

  • Health information
  • Health products
  • Health services
• Health information


  Any concept, step, and advice that various sources give to aid the health status of an individual
• Sources of health information

  • Medical and health professionals: doctors, dentist, nurses, health science educators, local health officials
  • Health books
  • Verified and official websites from government agencies and health experts
  • DOH (Department of Health)
  • FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
  • BFAD (Bureau of Food and Drugs)
  • DTI (Department of Trade and Industry)
• Health products


  Items we consume to improve our well-being, such as medicine, vitamins, food, clothes, medical devices, disinfectants, beauty products
• Health services


  Programs we avail from various providers such as physicians, nurses, therapists, health workers, hospitals, clinics, health insurances
• Types of healthcare providers

  • Healthcare professionals - individuals licensed to practice medicine and other allied health programs
  • Healthcare facilities - places or institutions that offer health care services
  • Health insurance - financial agreement between an insurance company and an individual or group for the payment of health care costs
• The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA), previously known as the Bureau of Food and Drugs, is the government agency that ensures the safety and quality of health products that are sold to the public
• The FDA ensures the safety and quality of food, medicines, health equipment, cosmetics, etc.
• Herbal medicine


  The use of plants to treat disease or improve health
• The DOH has approved and tested some herbal plants that can be used for therapeutic purposes
• In 1997, former president Fidel Ramos signed the Republic Act 8423, also known as the Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act (TAMA)
• The TAMA law created the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC), which promotes and advocates the use of traditional and alternative health care modalities through scientific research and product development
• Naturopathy


  A medical system that has evolved from a combination of traditional practices and health care approaches popular in Europe during the 19th century
• Examples of natural practices

  • Acupuncture
  • Ventosa cupping massage therapy
  • Reflexology
  • Acupressure
  • Nutrition therapy
• Acupuncture


  A form of energy medicine where long thin needles are inserted to specific parts of the body to affect the energy flow, believed to treat musculoskeletal dysfunctions
• Ventosa cupping massage therapy


  A procedure done by placing inverted glasses that have flames from burning cotton, on specific points in the body, believed to relieve muscle and joint pains
• Reflexology


  Focuses on treating specific disorders through massaging of the soles of the feet, similar to acupuncture
• Acupressure


  Uses the same technique as acupuncture but applies pressure on certain points of the body instead of using needles
• Nutrition therapy


  Approaches treatment of a medical condition by providing a tailored diet for the patient
• Medicinal herbs


  • Akapulko (Senna alata) - for ringworm and other skin (fungal infections)
  • Ampalaya (bitter gourd) - for non-insulin dependent diabetic patients
  • Bawang (garlic) - for blood pressure control
  • Bayabas (guava) - for use as antiseptic to disinfect wounds, for mouthwash or tooth decay and gum infection
  • Lagundi (Five-leaved chaste tree) - for cough and asthma
  • Niyog-niyogan (Chinese honey suckle) - for intestinal worms, particularly ascaris and trichina
  • Sambong (Blumea Camphor) - for urinary stones
  • Tsaang gubat (wild tea) - for mouthwash
  • Pansit-pansitan (silver bush) - for arthritis and gout
  • Yerba-buena (Peppermint) - for relief from body ached and pains
• R.A. No. 9775 is the Anti-child Pornography Act of 2009
• R.A. No. 9775


  Recognizes the vital role of the youth in national-building and will promote and protect their physical, moral, intellectual, emotional, psychological, and social well-being
• Child


  A person below eighteen (18) years of age or over but is unable to fully take care of, or protect, himself/herself from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation, or discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition
• Penalties for syndicated child pornography under R.A. No. 9775

  Reclusion perpetua (not more than 40 years imprisonment) and a fine of not less than two million pesos (Php2,000,000.00) but not more than five million pesos (Php5,000,000.00)
• R.A. No. 10354 is the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012
• R.A. No. 10354


  Includes provisions on maternal and child health that guarantee universal access to maternal care, sexual education, and fertility control
• Penalties under R.A. No. 10354


  Imprisonment ranging from one (1) month to six (6) months or a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00), or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the competent court
• R.A. No. 9211 is the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003
• Penalties under R.A. No. 9211

  • First offense: Fine of not less than five hundred pesos (Php500.00) but not more than one thousand pesos (Php1,000.00)
  • Second offense: Fine of not less than one thousand pesos (Php1,000.00) but not more than five thousand pesos (Php5,000.00)
  • Third offense: Fine of not less than five thousand pesos (Php5,000.00) but not more than ten thousand pesos (Php10,000.00), and the business permits and licenses to operate shall be cancelled or revoked
• R.A. No. 9165 is the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
• Penalties under R.A. No. 9165


  Life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) for selling, trading, administering, dispensing, delivering, giving away, distributing, dispatching in transit or transporting any dangerous drug
• R.A. No. 7394 is the Consumer Act of the Philippines of 1992
• Penalties under R.A. No. 7394


  Fine of not less than one thousand pesos (P1,000.00) but not more than ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) or imprisonment of not less than two (2) months but not more than one (1) year, or both, for violating any provision on prohibited acts
• R.A. No. 10175 is the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012
• Cybercrime


  A crime in which a computer is the object of the crime (hacking, phishing, spamming, and child pornography) or is used as a tool to commit an offense
• Common forms of cybercrime


  • Copyright infringement
  • Plagiarism
  • Computer addiction (offline and online)
• Criminal activities under the Cybercrime Prevention Act

  • Hacking - unauthorized access or interference with computer systems
  • Computer-related forgery, fraud, and identity theft
  • Cyber defamation
  • Electronic theft
  • Child pornography
  • Cyberbullying
  • Cybersex
• Penalties for hacking


  6 years up to 12 years of imprisonment (prison mayor)