inheritance

• Inheritance

  passing genetic information from one generation to the next
• Chromosome

  Thread of DNA made up of genes
• Gene

  specific length of DNA with specific base sequence coding for specific protien to give a specific characteristic
• Allele

  Different versions of the same gene
• Homozygous


  Two identical alleles for a particular gene. Eg. BB, Bb
• Heterozygous


  Two different alleles for a particular gene. Eg. Bb
• hetrozygous


  Allele expressed whenever it is present in both homozygous or heterozygous B
• Recessive allele


  Allele expressed ONLY in absence of dominant allele, in homozygous recessive bb
• Genotype


  Combination of alleles on the chromosomes/ Genetic makeup of living organisms. BB, Bb, bb
• Phenotype


  Physical appearance of an organism due to genes and environmental factors.
• Haploid Cell


  Cell containing one set of chromosomes (half number of chromosomes)
• Diploid Cell


  Cells containing 2 sets of chromosomes (full set)
• how are haploid cells produced

  Produced by meiosis and shows variation In sex cell (gametes)
• importance of meiosis

  • Prevent doubling of number of chromosomes,
  • keeping number of chromosomes constant from generation to the next.
  • Show more variation…adapt more…survive more…reproduce more…more evolution
• how are diploid cells produced

  Produced by mitosis which produce genetically identical cells In all cells
• importance of mitosis

  • For replacement of damaged cells
  • For growth and tissue repair
  • For asexual reproduction
• Meiosis produce genetically different offspring
• Stem Cell


  Unspecialized cells They have the ability to perform mitosis and differentiate and specialize into specific cells by switching on specific genes