sport and society and the role of technology

• video motion analysis- a technique used to get information about moving objects from video
• indirect calorimetry- involves the continuous measurement of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
• calorimetry- measurement of the energy eliminated or stored ina any energy system
• indirect calorimetry

  • determine energy requirements
  • calculate energy expenditure
• GPS- provides location and time information
• GPS benefits

  • makes use of training time
  • improves tactical analyses undertaken
  • compare players performance to pick the best players
• key characteristics of physical recreation

  • fun
  • voluntary
  • participation level
  • self officiated
• key characteristics of sport

  • highly structured
  • specialist equipment
  • officials are present
  • rewards are received
  • high skill levels
  • high levels of commitment
  • serious and competitive
• key characteristics of PE

  • compulsory
  • formally taught lessons
  • pre planned
• perceived risk

  • a challenge that stimulates a sense of danger and adventure for beginners in a safe environment
• personal factors for development of elite performers in sport

  • goal orientated
  • good communication
  • patience
  • dedication
  • self confidence
• social and cultural factors necessary to develop as an elite performer

  • high socio-economic status
  • equal opportunities
  • high quality educational provision
  • structured levels of competition
  • high levels of media coverage
• NGB- an organisation which has responsibility for managing its own particular sport
• advantages of talent identification programmes

  • performers directed to sports most suited for their talents
  • chances of producing medalists are improved
  • effcient use of available funding
• disadvantages of talent id programmes

  • may miss late developers
  • requires lots of funding
  • no guarentees of success
  • high profile sports may attract more performers
• what makes a talent identification programme effective

  • simplicity of administration
  • appropriate tests
  • well structured competitive programmes
  • specialist high quality training facilities
  • funding to young performers
  • talent spotting undertaken via high quality coaches
• sportsmanship- conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport
• simulation- trying to deceive an official by over-acting
• ways sportsman can be encouraged

  • NGB campaigns
  • fair play awards
  • technology helps officials reach correct decisions
  • positive role models
  • punish foul play
  • drug testing
• gamesmanship- bending the rules and stretching them to their absolute limit without getting caught
• examples of gamesmanship

  • time wasting
  • psyching a player out
  • upset the opponents concentration
• win at all costs ethic

  • no drawn games
  • managers fired if not successful
  • high amounts of deviance
  • media negativity
• positive deviance- behaviour which is outside the norms of society but with no intent to harm/ break the rules
• negative deviance- behaviour that goes against the norms or expectations of society and has a detrimental effect on individuals
• negative deviance examples

  • match fixing
  • diving to win a penalty
  • performance enhancing drugs
  • agression