Species and taxonomy

• What is a species?

  An organism that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
• What are the rules of the binomial naming system?

  First name = the genus

  Second name = species
• What are the rules of writing the scientific name of an organism?

  Printed in italics or underlined if handwritten

  First letter of first name in upper case, second name in lower case
• What is classification?

  Grouping of organisms
• What is taxonomy?

  Theory and practice of biological classification
• What is artificial classification?

  Divides organisms according to differences useful at the time
• What is phylogenic classification?

  Based on evolutionary relationships between organisms
• What are some courtship behaviours?

  • Singing
  • Dancing
  • Home-building
  • Gift giving
  • Fancy dress
• What are the advantages of courtship behaviour?

  Allows animals to identify a member of the same species to form a pair breed
• What is the order of taxonomic rank?

  • Domain
  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Sprices
• What are the three domains?

  Bacteria

  Archea

  Eukarya
• What is bacteria?

  Group of single-celled prokaryotes with these features:

  • No membrane-bound organelles
  • 70S ribosomes
  • Unicellular
  • Single naked DNA loop free in the cytoplasm
• What are archea?

  Single-celled prokaryotes that differ from bacteria in these ways:

  • Genes and protein synthesis are more similar to eukaryotes
  • Membranes contain fatty acid chains attached to glycerol by ester linkages
  • No murien in cell walls
  • More complex form of RNA polymerase
• What are eukarya?

  • Membrane-bound organelles
  • No murien in cell walls if present
  • 80S ribosomes
• What are the 4 kingdoms of the eukarya domain?

  Protoctista

  Fungi

  Plantae

  Animalia