Digestive System

• Food is a nourishing substance that we take into our body through eating or drinking
• Nutrients provide energy , promote growth and sustain life.
• Six types of nutrients that we need.

  
  

  : Carbohydrates

  : Lipids ( Fats )

  : Proteins

  : Vitamins

  : Minerals

  : Water
• The Digestive System is mainly responsible or the digestion and absorption of food
• The food that we eat travels through the digestive tube or alimentary canal.
• Metabolism is the process of how the cells use the energy that they obtained from food during digestion
• The entry point of the food is the Mouth or Oral Cavity
• Ingestion is the first stage of digestion
• Ingestion starts with mastication or chewing
• Ingestion happens when the food enters the mouth
• The teeth help break , cut and grind food into smaller pieces.
• The Tongue helps mix saliva with the food
• Salivary glands are located around the oral cavity secrete
• Saliva , a liquid that contains 99% water
• Three pairs of major salivary glands

  • Parotid
  • Sublingual
  • Submandibular
• The 3 major glands are exocrine glands or glands that produce substances that protect or lubricate a certain body part.
• The parotid glands are located on the inside of the cheeks , below and in front of each ear canal
• Submandibular glands are located beneath the lower jaw , under the floor of the mouth and two fingers above the Adam's apple
• Sublingual glands are located under the tongue
• The saliva lubricates the food and begins its chemical digestion
• Saliva contains an enzyme called ptyalin or salivary amylase
• Salivary amylase break down starch into maltose and glucose.
• Saliva has a normal PH range of 6.2 and 7.6