Fil102

• A serious environmental problem resulting from unethical human interactions with nature

  Climate Change
• "the loss of biodiversity and toxification of the planet are as dangerous as the changing of climate."

  Ehrlich (2012)
• "Environmentally oriented study of literature brings about an ecological literacy among the readers who in process become eco-conscious, thereby taking good care of Mother Nature"

  Mishra (2016)
• "everyone must have ecological consciousness"

  Mishra
• Person who judges the merits and faults of writings that depict the effects of culture upon nature

  eco-critic
• Being one among the 110 ethno-linguistic groups in the Philippines, considered nature as part of their lives

  Manobo
• UNDP

  United Nations Development Programme
• "Human societies all across the globe have developed rich sets of experiences and explanations relating to the environments they live in."

  Nakashima, Prott, Bridgewater
• "Other knowledge system" referred as?

  Traditional ecological knowledge
• Equally important to the knowledge that one can get from books, classrooms, and expert's lecture

  Traditional ecological knowledge
• "Using literature in educating students definitely cultivates hope in the crises of sustainability"

  Chua
• Methodology, respondents are allowed to speak in their own language

  McLeod
• No. of informants who were datus from 5 municipalities

  20
• No. of oral eco-literatures collected through KII

  30
• two rituals led by the baylan

  manawag-tawag, haekyadan
• Who lead the 2 rituals

  baylan
• signed the resolution permit

  tribal chieftain, informants
• IPMR

  indigenous people mandatory representatives
• sampling used

  criterion-i sampling
• method used in the analysis

  descriptive-analytic method
• Refers to the ethnic group

  manobo
• refers to the person belonging to the manobo tribe

  manubo
• The largest population among the indi groups in the Agusan del Sur (Campos)

  Manobo
• literatures collected

  36
• 5 classification of the 36 literature

  eco-legend, eco-song, eco-story, eco-fable, eco-poems
• no of eco-literatures are found to have contained eco knowledge

  20
• the 4 eco-legend

  molong falls, toduw, legend of talacogon, legend of bunawan
• executing rituals as a sign of respect of nature

  molong falls
• appointing dagpun (forest guards) and bagani (tribal warrior)

  toduw
• appointing dagpun and bagani

  legend of talacogon
• limiting the use of gold only to barter with food

  legend of bunawan
• 3 eco song

  sindoy, here in the mountain, cold forest
• 8 eco story

  the king's story, lake parilabuhan, maria and friends, the nymph and the raft, the woman stump, ikogan and mandabon, the forest of liliputon, tanhuban, the story of herbal medicine
• 2 eco fable

  the ancestors of the butterflies
• 2 eco poem

  heritage land

  ing-ing manatad
• elements of nature

  water

  land

  air

  minerals

  forest
• refer to the legends w/c settings/characters/plots reflect elements of nature

  manobo eco-legends
• ridiculed in the forest by the couple

  white tailless monkey
• Who punished the couple in motong falls

  tagbanwa
• owner and guardian of everything in nature

  tagbanwa