PRACTICAL RESEARCH MIDTERM FIRST QUIZ

• What to look for in research

  • New Ideas
  • Improve certain processes
  • Create something useful out of the odds
  • Explain a series of observation
  • Look at something in a different perspective using a new investigative lens
• Aims of Research


  • Verification of existing knowledge
  • Acquisition of new knowledge
  • Application of new knowledge
  • Advancement of the researcher's expertise
• Functions of Research


  • Exploration: It focuses on providing a foundation for future studies
  • Description: It aims to give additional information on newly discovered ideas
  • Explanation: It discovers why new ideas came into existence through connecting ideas
• Characteristics of Research


  • Empirical or Experimental
  • Logical or Deductive
  • Cyclical or Moving in Cycles
  • Analytical or Coherent
  • Critical or Fault Finding
  • Methodical or Systematic
  • Replicable or Duplicated
• The Research Process


  1. Identifying and Defining the Research Problem

  2. Review the Literature

  3. Formulating Hypotheses and Designing the Study

  4. Planning the Research Design

  5. Collecting of and Organizing Data

  6. Analyzing Data and Testing Hypothesis

  7. Interpreting Data

  8. Reporting Research Finding
• Qualitative research


  Employs qualitative methods and focuses on characteristics observed in respondents with little to no statistical analysis
• Quantitative research


  Employs quantitative procedures in which respondents' characteristics are numerically translated
• Kinds of Research Across Fields

  • Basic/Pure Research
  • Applied/Practical Research
• Kinds of Research According to their Purpose

  • Descriptive Research
  • Correlational Research
  • Exploratory Research
  • Explanatory Research
  • Action Research
• Research Topic


  The research work all begins with a relevant problem which will motivate you to perform higher-order thinking strategies of inferential, critical, integrative, and creative thinking in finalizing your mind on one topic among several choices
• Guidelines in Choosing a Research Topic

  • Interest in the subject matter
  • Availability of information
  • Timeliness and relevance of the topic
  • Limitations on the subject
  • Personal resources
• Research Topics to be avoided

  • Controversial topics
  • Highly technical subjects
  • Hard-to-investigate subjects
  • Too broad subjects
  • Too narrow subjects
• Characteristics of a Research Title

  • Summarizes the main idea/s of your study
  • Is the part of the paper that is read the most and is usually read first
  • Captures reader's attention and draws his attention at the research problem being investigated
  • Differentiates the paper from other papers of the same subject area, predicts content
  • Contains keywords that will make it easy to access by a computer search
• How to Write a Research Title

  1. Ask yourself these questions and make note of the answers

  2. Use your answers to list key words

  3. Create a sentence that indicates the key words you listed

  4. Delete all unnecessary/repetitive words and link the remaining

  5. Delete non-essential information and reword the title
• Research Problem and Question

  To conduct research is to ultimately seek for answers, and more importantly (and ideally), seek for solutions
• Example of Research Problem: The need to have a safer, comfortable, and healthful walk or transfer of students from place to place in the UST campus
• Example of Research Topic: The Construction of a Covered Pathway in the UST Campus
• Example of General Question: What kind of covered path should UST construct in its campus?
• The 4 steps in formulating your research questions

  1. Choose a topic

  2. Narrow the topic

  3. Ask some questions

  4. Focus the question
• Statement of the Problem

  Your way to gain support and approval of the project from management and other stakeholders
• Key Elements of a problem statement

  • Provide context for your study
  • Establish the relevance of this research
  • Define specific aims and Objectives Briefly
• A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that can be tested by collecting data through observation and experimentation.
• A research problem refers to the issue, question, or situation being investigated by the researcher.
• Research is an organized effort to discover new facts or principles, to test existing theories, or to develop practical applications.
• Descriptive research design aims to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied.
• Research is an organized effort to gather information about something or someone.
• Correlational research design examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them.
• The researcher must be able to explain the significance of his/her findings.
• The researcher must be aware that the results may not always support his/her hypothesis.
• Research hypotheses are proposed explanations about how variables relate to one another, which can be tested through empirical evidence.
• Experimental research design involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another variable.
• Hypothesis testing involves using statistical methods to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to reject or fail to reject a null hypothesis (H0). If the results are significant, it means that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is true.
• Experimental research design involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another variable.
• Research objectives are specific statements that outline what the researcher hopes to achieve with their investigation.
• The purpose of research is to contribute to knowledge by answering questions or addressing problems.
• Quantitative data can be measured using numbers and statistics.
• Quantitative data can be measured using numbers and statistics.
• Quantitative research focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis.
• Quantitative research focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis.
• Research problems serve as a starting point for identifying gaps in knowledge and guiding the development of research questions and hypotheses.