DRRR test bukas

• It is defined as the movement of rock debris or earth down the slope.

  landslide
• The most common cause of the landslide

  rainfall
• The following are examples of geological hazards except?

  1. earthquake B. landslide C. sinkhole D. hurricane

  hurricane
• A type of rock that dissolve and cause a sinkhole

  Limestone
• A method of cutting trees that cause a landslide


  “Kaingin” system
• GEOLOGICAL HAZArds


  extreme natural events in the crust that will create a treat for humanity or any living things.
• Landslide


  movement of debris rocks or any particles in the earth in the downslope. And one of the common examples of a landslide is the “rainfall-induced landslide.
• Sinkhole


  a naturally occurring geological hazard below the surface that collapse eventually some geologist called it “karst terrain” a specific type of terrain that is from due to dissolving of rock beneath the surface. The most common type of rock that is dissolved in this is limestone.
• Solution sinkhole


  it is the most common sinkhole it formed when the soil is very thin on the surface and exposing the bedrock once it starts to rain the soil are carried out and eventually leaving a hole.

  
• Cover collapse sinkhole

  the most dangerous type of all the sinkholes

  happened when water penetrates in the topsoil going to the limestone and dissolve it eventually until the surface collapse.
• Cover subsidence sinkhole


  most common with a surface that semi- permeable for example is sand when the limestone is dissolved below the surface due to rain particles are eventually moved downward to replace the space of a limestone.
• causes


  Natural cause is due to environmental factors that we can’t predict when it happens or control, while the human cause is due to human activities.
• HEAVY RAINFALL

  Intense rain weakens the friction of the bedrock and the sediments and it will carry some debris together with water downhill.
• WILDFIRE

  It is a large destructive fire that happens in the forest,

  woodland or brushes it cause landslide because when the plants are gone it makes

  the soil unstable because plant act as a glue to make the soil intact and not loosen
• VOLCANIC ERUPTION

  Volcanoes ash deposit are prone to erosion and when it mixes with water it will create a lahar or a mudflow landslides
• CLEAR CUTTING

  a method of timber harvesting that completely removes the trees to the place that act as a binder to the soil.
• MINING, CONSTRUCTION AND DEEP EXCAVATION

  Destroy the bedrock and weakens the foundation of the soil promoting vulnerability of critical slopes.
• influence of slope

  The steeper the slope the more it is prone in landslides.
• LITHOLOGY

  The characteristic of rock can cause landslide for example if the rocks in the place are composed of clay, mica, calcite, and gypsum this place is prone to landslides because these rocks are prone in weathering.
• EARTHQUAKE

  The vibration of the earth’s crust can cause breaking of

  rocks resulting in the groundwater to penetrate and dissolving the mineral.
• WATER

  dissolving the minerals in the rock resulting for creating a crack or gap.
• groundwater

  lowering the amount of groundwater causes a loss of support in the soft material resulting in a collapse.
• human cause of sinkhole

  • Heavy loads on the surface
  • Drilling
  • Mining
  • Broken water/Drainpipes
  • Deep excavation
• EFFECTS OF LANDSLIDE/SINKHOLE

  • Loss of lives
  • Destruction of infrastructure
  • Loss of natural resources
  • Loss of property value
  • Medical cost in the event
  • Loss of water availability
• The sinkhole is an example of what type of hazards?

  Geological hazard
• The composition of rocks mineral that causes dissolving of rocks and eventually landslides

  lithology
• A type of sinkhole where the limestone is exposed and covered in a thin layer of soil


  Cover
• What is the other term used by geologists in the sinkhole?

  “Karst terrain”