Genes

• Passing of traits from parent to offspring

  Heredity
• Characteristics that are inherited

  Traits
• The father of heredity

  Gregor Mendel
• What was gregor mendel

  Austrian munk
• What did he use for his experiments

  Garden pea
• Involves having the pollen be directly deposited on the female section of the flower

  Self - pollination
• Requires the removal of the male stamen on 1st flower and transferring the pollen from a different flower to the first one

  Cross pollination
• Involves reshuffling of genes from generation to generation

  Inheritance
• Parents with a certain trait consistently pass that trait to every offspring

  True breeding
• One set of allele

  Monohybrid
• Two set of alleles

  Dihybrid
• If it is both capital letters it is called

  Homozygous dominant
• If it is both small letters it is called

  Homozygous recessive
• If it is both capital and small letter it is called

  Heterozygous
• Genes/alleles

  Genotype
• Physical appearance

  phenotype
• Individuals pollinate one another

  Reciprocal crosses
• AA

  homozygous dominant
• aa

  Homozygous recessive
• Aa 


  Heterozygous
• One gene overshadows the other

  Dominant genes
• The gene is overshadowed

  Recessive gene
• Is a square grid used in genetics to calculate the frequencies of the different genotype and phenotypes among the offspring of a cross

  punnet square
• each individuals has two factors for each trait

  Law of segregation
• Pairs of alleles for different traits separate independently of one another during gamete formation

  Law of independent assortment
• Garden pea

  Pisum sativum
• The study of heredity

  Genetics