Embryology

    Cards (17)

    • During implantation, the blastocyst attaches itself to the uterine wall and begins to invade it.
    • During implantation, the blastocyst attaches itself to the endometrium lining of the uterus.
    • The inner cell mass (ICM) is located inside the blastocoel cavity and gives rise to all other tissues of the embryo.
    • Embryonic induction plays a crucial role in the formation of various tissues and organs during embryonic development.
    • The blastocyst consists of an outer layer called the trophoblast, which will form the placenta.
    • Inductive signals in embryonic induction can include growth factors, transcription factors, and signaling molecules that trigger changes in gene expression.
    • Embryonic induction is the process by which one group of cells influences the development of another group of cells, leading to the differentiation of specialized cell types.
    • The trophoblast cells differentiate into two layers - an outer layer that forms the chorionic villi and an inner layer that becomes the placenta.
    • The embryo is surrounded by extraembryonic membranes (amnion, yolk sac, allantoic duct) which are derived from the epiblast and hypoblast.
    • The amniotic cavity develops as fluid accumulates between the ectodermal and endodermal layers.
    • The trophoblast cells of the blastocyst secrete enzymes that break down the extracellular matrix (ECM) between them and the endometrial epithelium.
    • The outer layer of cells surrounding the blastocoel cavity forms the trophoblast.
    • As the trophoblast cells continue to proliferate, they form a layer called the chorionic villi.
    • Chorionic villi are finger-like extensions of the trophoblast that penetrate into the maternal blood vessels.
    • Trophoblast cells are responsible for producing hormones that maintain pregnancy.
    • In the process of gastrulation, cells from the ectoderm migrate into the interior of the embryo through an opening called the primitive streak.
    • The trophoblast also plays a role in implantation by secreting enzymes that break down the endometrial tissue.
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