MCB LEC Chapter 7

• do not have 16s RNA

  Virus
• no membrane bound organelles

  prokaryotic cell
• two large bacteria

  epulopiscium and thiomargarita namibiensis
• photo

  sunlight as energy source
• autotrophic

  CO2 as carbon source
• chemo

  Organic compounds as energy source
• heterotrophic

  in/organic compounds as carbon source
• Rumen converts ____ to ____

  cellulose to fatty acids
• glycocalyx

  • outer viscous covering of fibers extending to the bacterium
  • viscous polysaccharide or polypeptide slime
• parts/types of glycocalix

  capsule, slime layer, and s layer proteins
• glycocalix protects from what

  ion and ph changes

  osmotic stress

  enzymes

  predacious bacteria

  phagocytes

  *enhances virulence of pathogenic bacteria

  *adhere to surfaces
• capsule creates what and is what

  creates biofilm

  well-organized and firmly attached to the cell wall
• slime layer

  loose attachment

  interlocking molecules of protein or glycoprotein that are regularly structured
• arrangements of flagella

  monotrichous, amphitrichous, lopotrichous, and peritrichous
• fimbriae vs flagella

  fimbriae is thinner (parang buhok) flagella is much thicker and peritrichously arranged (parang ugat na makapal)
• Pili vs Fimbriae

  pili are longer n less numerous, fimbriae is shorter and more numerous
• cell walk of gram positive vs gram negative

  g+ has pentapeptide, g- has direct link
• lipopolysaccharide

  has g- outer membrane, o antigen, core, lipid A and fatty acids
• antibiotics


  has a bacterial target
• mycoplasmas


  no cell wall; sterol and lipoglycans cytoplasmic membrane
• atypical cell wall


  repeating unit of peptidoglycan
• murein is what

  bacteria
• pseudomurein is what

  archaea
• functions of cytoplasmic membranes

  permeability barrier (no leakage, transport)

  Protein anchor (transport, bioenenergetics, chemotaxis’

  Energy conservation (gen and dis of proton motive force)
• lipid monolayer and lipid bilayer

  archaea, bacteria
• ester link lipid, ether link lipids

  bacteria, arachaea
• fatty acid chain (straight and branched)

  bacteria, arachaea
• PHA is what

  carbon storage polymer (Poly-Beta-hydroxyalkanoates)
• name carbon storage polymers

  PHA and Glycogen
• phosphate vs sulfur granules

  in rod, in cluster na oblong
• gas vesicles form what

  phase-bright gas vacuoles
• makes up rib, rigid beta sheet

  GvpA
• alpha helix strcuture, cross link

  GvpC
• how many S in prokaryotic rinisomes

  70
• circular DNA that can exist and replicate independe of the chromosome (may be integrated)

  plasmid
• it carries genes with confer selective advantages

  plasmid
• is plasmid required for growth and reproduction

  NO
• what can plasmids do

  drug resistance, pathogenicity, metabolic acts
• sensitive vs resistant to temp and radiation

  veg, endo
• no absorb gram stain, yes absorb gram stain

  endo, veg