MEDIA LIT EXAM

• Communication


  Refers to people or groups of people imparting or exchanging messages through speaking, writing, gestures, or even using other symbolic forms by utilizing a variety of channels for sending and receiving
• Messages


  A collection of symbols that appear purposefully organized (meaningful) to those sending or receiving them
• Types of communication


  • Interpersonal communication
  • Mediated interpersonal communication
  • Organizational communication
• Interpersonal communication


  • People communicate face-to-face with someone they know or someone who is complete stranger to them
  • A form of communication that involves two to three individuals interacting through the use of their voices and bodies
• Mediated interpersonal communication


  • Technology stands in between the parties communicating and becomes the channel by which the message is sent or received
• Organizational communication


  • When people communicate differently in a working environment, this type of interaction
• 8 elements that constitute the creation of a message

  • Source
  • Encoding
  • Transmitting
  • Channels
  • Decoding
  • Receiver
  • Feedback
  • Noise interference
• Source


  Where the message came from
• Encoding


  • Process by which a message is translated, so it can be transmitted and communicated to another party
  • How you compose your sentence as you communicate
• Transmitting


  • The actual act of sending the message
  • Can either be through the person's vocal cords and facial muscles complemented with hands gestures
  • Could also be the posting of an administrative letter on the bulletin board so everybody can see
• Channels


  • Technologies are the lines that enable the act of sending or transmitting
  • Could be the telephone, the internet for voice operated applications, the radio and television, or the print media to communicate more complex messages
• Decoding


  • The transmitted impulses are converted to signs as the brain perceives and process it
  • Process by which the receiver translate the source's thoughts and ideas so they can have meaning, the process can be purely physiological, as when the brain, through it's own processes, interprets the message
• Receiver


  • The one who gets the message that was transmitted through the channels
  • Like the source or sender, the receiver can be an individual or an organization
  • However, it is possible that the intended receiver may not receive the message as it gets to another receiver
• Feedback


  • Response generated by the message that was sent to the receiver
  • Can be immediate or delayed
• Noise interference


  • Most of the times, there is something that interferes in the transmittal process
  • Noise may be treated both literally and figuratively
• Communication began as drawing on walls of caves, carvings on barks of trees, later on papyrus and parchment
• As population increased, people became more dispersed and settlements were built in areas where they can find food. These developments altered how people communicate with one another
• Papyrus


  A paper made in papyrus plant that was use by ancient Egypt for writing
• Parchment


  Stiff flat skin material made from the prepared skin of an animals
• Dispersed


  They go in different directions to settle
• Codex


  • Invented by the christians around 100 AD
  • It is a papyrus pages facing one another instead of rolled up for easy reading
  • In 15th century, the technology was already paper and a revolution in printing took place
• Movable type machines


  • Invented the printing technology by Johann Gutenberg (1394-1460)
  • Moving letters came to be the distinguishing feature of his invention from the woodblock, which could only be used to create one message at any point in time
• Around 1500, the printing press have been established in 242 cities across various countries, like Western Europe
• The Gutenberg printing process launched that could be considered the first medium truly designed for the masses
• Doctrina Cristiana was the first book printed in the Philippines. Written by Fray Juan Plasencia, an Augustinian priest
• First newspaper


  • Was reportedly produced and was patronized by merchants
  • As perennial travelers, they were very interested on what was going on in various parts of the world both economically and politically
• Newspaper is a more significant innovation than the book
• Adversarial press


  A press that had the ability to conduct dialogue and even argue with the government
• Early newspapers in the Philippines

  • La Esperanza (first daily newspaper, published on Dec. 1, 1846)
  • Diario de Manila (1848)
  • Boletin Oficial de Filipinas (1852)
  • La Solidaridad (1889, one of the most popular newspapers in the history)
  • Ang Kalayaan (the official revolutionary newpapers of KKK, published on January 18, 1896 by Katipuneros)
• Several inventions intersected and gave rise to film as a mass medium
• George Eastman


  • Invented the film and built a company that would be known as KODAK
• Thomas Edison and William Dickson


  • Turned the use of the photographic film
• Luis and Augusto Lumiere


  • Two Frenchman that developed the technology of projectors
• Traditional media


  Has become synonymous with the seven most common forms of media- books, newspapers, magazine, sound recording, radio, television and film
• In the 1950s the landscape of media and information technology began to change
• The free and open World Wide Web (www) was launched in the Philippines

  March 29, 1994
• On early 1986, the first Bulletin Board System (BBS) was introduced in the Philippines
• Vis-à-vis


  Comes from Latin by way of French, where it means literally "face-to-face"
• Communication


  Is simply the act of transferring information from one place to another
• Mediated interpersonal communication


  • Involves technological devices and other devices
  • Technology becomes the channel by which the message is sent or received
  • Source of the message is the person who sent the message herself through devices and the feedback would be the returned messages or calls