ANAPHY - NERVOUS SYSTEM

• sensory input - gather information
• integration - interpret and decide if action is needed
• motor output - response to integrated stimuli
• sensory division - nerve fibers that carry information to the CNS
• motor division - nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the CNS
• voluntary - somatic nervous system
• involuntary - autonomic nervous system
• somatic nervous system - controls skeletal muscles, voluntary movements
• autonomic nervous system - involuntary control over smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
• neurons - cells specialized to transmit messages
• cell body - nucleus and metabolic center of the cell
• processes - fibers that extend from the cell body
• dendrites - conduct impulses toward the cell body
• axon - conduct impulses away from the cell body
• sensory neuron - carry impulses from the sensory receptor
• motor neuron - carry impulses from the CNS
• internuerons - found in the neural pathways in the CNS
• multipolar - many extensions from the cell body
• myelin sheath - insulating material that surrounds axons, made up of Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes
• bipolar - two processes extending from the cell body
• unipolar - have a short single process leaving the cell body
• irritability - ability to respond to stimuli
• conductivity - ability to transmit an impulse
• reflex - rapid, predictable, and involuntary responses to stimuli
• autonomic reflexes - smooth muscle regulation
• somatic reflex - activate the skeletal musckes
• CNS develops from the embryonic neural tube
• the neural tube become the brain and the spinal cord
• opening of the neural tube becomes the ventricles
• cerebral hemisphere - the superior part of the brain that is divided into two lobes
• fissures - divide the cerebrum into lobes
• somatic sensory area - receives impulses from the body's sensory receptors
• primary motor area - send impulses to skeletal muscle
• broca's area - ability to speak
• gray matter - mostly composed of neurons cell bodies
• white matter - fiber tracts inside the gray matter
• basal nuclei - internal island of gray matter
• diencephalon - sits on top of the brain stem
• thalamus - surrounds the third ventricle
• hypothalamus - under the thalamus