Quiz

• Samsara


  Wheel of life - the cycle of death and rebirth
• Moksha


  Complete liberation from the cycle of life and suffering (in Hinduism)
• Nirvana


  Complete liberation from the cycle of life and suffering (in Buddhism)
• Hindus and Buddhists believe that after death, they will be reincarnated to another life form depending on the quality of their past life
• Through good deeds and eventual enlightenment, they can achieve complete liberation from the cycle of life and suffering
• Ancient Egyptians


  • They place the mummy on a stone coffin called sarcophagus
  • They place some of the dead's possessions with the mummy since they believe the dead will need these in the afterlife
• Akhirah


  Life after death (in Islam)
• Only Allah will decide when a person will die
• Destinations after death (in Islam)

  • Jannah (Paradise)
  • Jahannam (Hell)
• Jannah


  Paradise (in Islam)
• Jahannam


  Hell (in Islam)
• Those who have performed more good deeds than bad

  Will enter Jannah (Paradise)
• Those who did more bad deeds than good

  Will enter Jahannam (Hell)
• Socrates: 'Death can be two things: 1. Death is a dreamless sleep. 2. Death is a passage to another life.'
• IT IS ILLOGICAL TO FEAR OUR DEATH
• Epicurus: '"Death is the cessation of sensation."'
• Unattributed: '"What matters is not your death, but how you lived your life"'
• Zhuangzhi: 'We should see death on a larger perspective, that death is one of the changes constantly taking place in this world.'
• Accept death

  Death is a part of the life cycle
• Essentialism

  The idea that humans are imbued with essence, an inherent purpose
• Essentialism


  • It is the essence or purpose that gives our life meaning
  • To live a good life is to adhere by it
• Plato and Aristotle


  Introduced the idea of essentialism
• Existentialism


  Philosophical view that life has no meaning and no one is born with predetermined purpose. We live by the context of absurdity in which we search for meaning in a meaningless world.
• Nothing lasts forever
• The same is true for us

  We are temporal beings or "beings oriented towards death"
• Death


  The end of bodily functions which signals the end of life
• Death


  The separation of body and spirit
• Temporal


  Temporary - having limited time
• Accepting the fact that we have a limited time in this world allows us to determine the course of our lives
• Temporality challenges us to make choices that will bring us good things in life
• End of life


  Terminus - full stop or end of life
• Telos


  Goal, purpose, or fulfillment
• Death is not the goal of life
• Experiences that make us reflect on the meaning of life

  • Happiness
  • Suffering
• Perspectives on Happiness


  • Ancient Greek philosophy considers happiness as an achievement gained by living a productive and moral life
  • Religious philosophers considers happiness as a union with God
  • Others define this as a "whole-life satisfaction"
• All perspectives on happiness have a similarity, that the goal of life is to achieve personal happiness
• Happiness


  A state of being and not merely an emotional experience or a chosen mental state
• We are made truly happy by things that are true and good and not by the things that are false and evil
• Sources of happiness


  • Noble good
  • Useful good
  • Pleasurable good
• Suffering


  When we patiently endure unpleasantness, discomfort, and pain