When two objects have to be touching for a force to act
What is a non-contact force?
when objects do not need to be touching for a force to act
What are examples of a contact force?
Friction
Air resistance
Tension
What are examples of non contact force?
Magnetic force
Gravitational force
Electrostatic force
What's a scalar quantity?
a quantity with magnitude but no direction
What's a vector quantity?
A quantity that has magnitude and direction
What is the resultant force?
The overall force on a point or object
What is a free body diagram?
a diagram showing all the forces acting on an object
What does equilibrium mean?
a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.
What is elastic deformation?
When an object will return to its original shape when the load is removed.
What is inelastic deformation?
An object that doesn't return to its original shape and length after the force has been removed
What is Hooke's Law?
When a spring stretches, the extension of the spring is proportional to the force stretching it, provided the elastic limit of the spring is not exceeded.
What is the spring constant?
a measure of the stiffness of a spring
What is acceleration?
The rate at which velocity changes
What is Newtons first law?
A resultant force is required to change the motion of an object.
What is Newtons second law?
A resultant force will cause an object to accelerate in the direction of the force
What is Newtons third law?
When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite
What is stopping distance?
Thinking distance + braking distance
What can effect thinking distance?
Drugs, alcohol, tiredness
What can effect braking distance?
Icy roads, worn brakes, worn tire tread
What is momentum?
The product of an object's mass and velocity
What is the conservation of momentum law?
The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.