Practice mcq

• Oval-shaped with plugs at both ends

  Trichuris vulpis (Whipworms)
• Trichuris vulpis (Whipworms)


  • Intestine
  • Worldwide distribution
  • 20-40 mm in length
• Benzimidazoles


  Anthelmintic drug class
• Faecal floatation

  Diagnostic technique
• Eustrongylides spp.

  • Infect lungs
  • Dependent on aquatic insects in life cycle
• Dysuria with haematuria

  Symptom of infection
• Giant kidney worm


  Nematode species
• Microscopic examination


  Diagnostic technique
• Faecal flotation


  Diagnostic technique
• Trichuris trichiura

  • Large intestine
  • 20-40 mm in length
  • Transmitted through ingestion
• Earthworms

  Intermediate host
• Administration of anthelmintics

  Treatment method
• Trichuris ovis


  • Intestine
  • 20-40 mm in length
  • Transmitted through ingestion of earthworms
• Levamisole

  Anthelmintic drug
• Lemon-shaped with plugs at both ends

  Trichuris spp. (Whipworms)
• Nasal discharge

  Symptom of infection
• Yellowish-brown


  Colour of Trichuris ovis
• Trichuris ovis


  • Worldwide distribution
  • Prepatent period of 6-12 weeks
• Transparent

  Characteristic of Trichuris spp. eggs
• Trichuris spp.


  • Intestine
  • Diagnosed by microscopic examination
• Hartertia gallinarum


  • Distribution in South and West Africa, Asia
• Cheilospirura hamulosa


  Nematode species that utilizes grasshoppers, crickets, and beetles as intermediate hosts
• Dispharynx spiralis/D. nasuta

  Common name: Spiral stomach worm
• Tetrameres spp.


  • Located in the gastric glands of the proventriculus within the bird's body
• Subulura brumpti


  Nematode species that primarily infects the caecum and utilizes beetles or cockroaches as intermediate hosts
• Heterakis gallinarum


  • Primarily located in the caecum
• Eustrongylides spp.


  Life cycle primarily dependent on aquatic insects
• Syngamus trachea


  Nematode species that primarily affects the respiratory system of birds
• Capillaria spp.


  • Primarily located in the oesophagus
• Oxyspirura spp.


  Nematode species primarily found in the conjunctival sacs and nasolacrimal ducts of birds
• Syngamosis

  Helminthosis of birds caused by nematodes belonging to the family Syngamidae
• Syngamidae

  • Form a Y-shaped copulatory apparatus
• Factors influencing susceptibility to syngamosis

  Age, nutrition, habitat, climate, altitude, breeding, migration patterns
• Respiratory syngamosis


  Symptom: Lethargy and weight loss
• Diagnosis of syngamosis

  Typically made by faecal examination
• Treatment of syngamosis

  Commonly uses piperazine
• Brachylaemus commutatus


  Primarily transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food
• Echinostomum revolutum

  Intermediate hosts are aquatic snails and tadpoles
• Davainea proglottina


  • Most pathogenic cestode in poultry
• Cotugnia digonopora


  • Primary location is the small intestine