Monoclonal Antibodies

• Monoclonal antibodies are a single type of antibody that can be isolated or cloned. It can be used for medical treatment, medical diagnosis and pregnancy tests.
• Targeted medication

  1 - antibodies given to cancer patient and attach to cancer cells preventing chemicals binding which enable uncontrolled cell division (direct)

  2 - monoclonal antibodies with drugs attach deliver them directly to cancer cells and kill them (indirect)
• Eliza

  1 - add test sample from patient to the base of the beaker and wash to remove unbound sample

  2 -add antibody complementary to antigen and wash again

  3 - add second antibody complementary to the first which has an enzyme attached

  4 - add substrate for enzyme (colourless), this produces coloured products and the intensity indicates the quantity.