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Biology paper 1
Organisation
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Cards (30)
Tissue
One type of
cell
carrying out one specific
function
Organ
Made up of different
tissues
, carrying out a
joint
function
Organ system
Groups
of
organs
that carry out a
function
Digestive system organs
Oesophagus
Liver
Mechanical
mouth
Stomach
Pancreas
Small
intestine
Large
intestine
Stomach
Churns
food
HCl
kills bacteria
Provides environment for
protease
to work
Pancreas
Produces enzymes
Small intestine
Moves
glucose
, ions etc to
blood
Produces
enzymes
Large
surface area
Large
intestine
Removes excess
water
Lipase
Breaks down
fats
into
fatty
acids and glycerol
Made in
pancreas
and
small
intestine
Works in
small
intestine
Protease
Breaks down
proteins
into amino acids
Made in stomach,
pancreas
,
small intestine
Works in
stomach
and
small intestine
Amylase
Breaks down
starch
into
sugars
Made in salivary glands,
pancreas
,
small intestine
Works in
mouth
and
small intestine
Optimal
pH
for enzyme activity is around
7
Respiratory system organs
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Lungs
Lungs
Large
surface area for
gas exchange
Diaphragm
moves up and down to bring
air
in and out
Cardiovascular system
Double
system
Pacemaker
in right atrium
Capillaries
One
cell thick for diffusion
Large
surface area
Epidemiological
studies look at patterns of
health
/
disease
in
populations
Cardiovascular disease can be caused by
fatty deposits
building up in
coronary arteries
,
formation
of
blood
clots,
and
blood
clots
blocking
arteries
Cardiovascular disease risk factors
Smoking
High
blood pressure
High
salt
and
fat
diet
Lack of
oxygen
to some cells
Health
Overall state of
physical
and
mental
wellbeing
Cancer risk factors
Smoking
Diet
Unprotected sex
Sun exposure
Leaf
Palisade
layer for
photosynthesis
Spongy mesophyll
for
gas exchange
Stomata
for
evapotranspiration
Xylem
Carries
water
up from
roots
to leaves
Phloem
Carries
food
and
minerals
from
leaves
to
roots
Transpiration
Evaporation
and
movement
of
water
away
from the
plant
Metabolism
Sum of all
chemical
reactions in the body
Glucose in plants
Used to produce cellulose,
starch
,
amino acids
Glucose in humans
Stored as
glycogen
Excess
proteins
broken down and urea
secreted
by kidneys
Digestive enzymes
Convert
food
into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the
bloodstream
Bile
Alkaline
,
neutralises stomach acid