Organisation

Cards (30)

  • Tissue
    One type of cell carrying out one specific function
  • Organ
    Made up of different tissues, carrying out a joint function
  • Organ system
    Groups of organs that carry out a function
  • Digestive system organs
    • Oesophagus
    • Liver
    • Mechanical mouth
    • Stomach
    • Pancreas
    • Small intestine
    • Large intestine
  • Stomach
    • Churns food
    • HCl kills bacteria
    • Provides environment for protease to work
  • Pancreas
    • Produces enzymes
  • Small intestine
    • Moves glucose, ions etc to blood
    • Produces enzymes
    • Large surface area
  • Large intestine

    • Removes excess water
  • Lipase
    • Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
    • Made in pancreas and small intestine
    • Works in small intestine
  • Protease
    • Breaks down proteins into amino acids
    • Made in stomach, pancreas, small intestine
    • Works in stomach and small intestine
  • Amylase
    • Breaks down starch into sugars
    • Made in salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
    • Works in mouth and small intestine
  • Optimal pH for enzyme activity is around 7
  • Respiratory system organs
    • Trachea
    • Bronchus
    • Bronchiole
    • Lungs
  • Lungs
    • Large surface area for gas exchange
    • Diaphragm moves up and down to bring air in and out
  • Cardiovascular system
    • Double system
    • Pacemaker in right atrium
  • Capillaries
    • One cell thick for diffusion
    • Large surface area
  • Epidemiological studies look at patterns of health/disease in populations
  • Cardiovascular disease can be caused by fatty deposits building up in coronary arteries, formation of blood clots, and blood clots blocking arteries
  • Cardiovascular disease risk factors
    • Smoking
    • High blood pressure
    • High salt and fat diet
    • Lack of oxygen to some cells
  • Health
    Overall state of physical and mental wellbeing
  • Cancer risk factors
    • Smoking
    • Diet
    • Unprotected sex
    • Sun exposure
  • Leaf
    • Palisade layer for photosynthesis
    • Spongy mesophyll for gas exchange
    • Stomata for evapotranspiration
  • Xylem
    • Carries water up from roots to leaves
  • Phloem
    • Carries food and minerals from leaves to roots
  • Transpiration
    Evaporation and movement of water away from the plant
  • Metabolism
    Sum of all chemical reactions in the body
  • Glucose in plants
    • Used to produce cellulose, starch, amino acids
  • Glucose in humans
    • Stored as glycogen
    • Excess proteins broken down and urea secreted by kidneys
  • Digestive enzymes
    • Convert food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream
  • Bile
    • Alkaline, neutralises stomach acid