fac-dist

    Cards (8)

    • Fractional distillation
      1. Crude oil is heated to a very high temperature
      2. Crude oil vapors are fed into the fractional distillation column
      3. Hydrocarbon vapors rise up the column
      4. Hydrocarbons condense when they reach their boiling point
      5. Remaining hydrocarbons continue moving up the column
    • Fractional distillation column

      • Hotter at the bottom, cooler at the top
    • Very long-chain hydrocarbons
      Have very high boiling point, removed from the bottom of the column
    • Very short-chain hydrocarbons
      Have very low boiling point, not condensed and removed from the top of the column as gases
    • Fractions produced by fractional distillation
      • Petrol
      • Diesel
      • Kerosene
      • Heavy fuel oil
      • Liquefied petroleum gas
    • Fractions used as fuels
      • Petrol and diesel are used to fuel cars
      • Kerosene is used as jet fuel
      • Heavy fuel oil is used to power ships
      • Liquefied petroleum gas is used in camping stoves
    • Feedstock fractions
      Used to make solvents, lubricants, detergents, and polymers
    • Fractional distillation is used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil into fractions containing hydrocarbons with a similar number of carbon atoms
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