Cell Division

• Mitosis includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.
• The cell cycle consists of interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitosis.
• Chromatids - two identical halves of a replicated chromosome after the Synthesis phase or the S phase of the cell cycle.
• 1. Centromere - the attachment points of the two chromatids of a chromosome. It is also described as the constriction point which divides the chromosome into two sections, or "arms."
• 1. Short arm - or p arm - upper arms of the chromosome which is usually shorter.
• 1. Q arm - lower arms of the chromosome which is usually longer.

  The number of chromosomes in a cell is a characteristic of the species to which it belongs. For example, fruit flies have 8 chromosomes while sunflowers have 34.

  Table 1 summarizes the chromosome numbers of some organisms.
• P arm: up side of the chromosome
• Q arm: low side of chromosome
• Sister chromatids are two identical chromosomes that are joined at the centromere
• Centromere: the center of the chromosome
• TRUE A Cell Cycle is a series of events that takes place in a

  cell as it grows and divides
• FALSE Cell division has two types: Interphase and Mitosis.
• TRUE Gametes are sex cells.
• FALSE in mitosis, the parent cell divides two times.
• FALSE Meiosis 1 is similar with meiosis 2.
• TRUE Sister chromatids are identical chromosomes.
• TRUE Interphase has three phases: G1, S, and G2 phase.
• FALSE Meiosis is a process in which identical cells are

  produced.
• FALSE During S phase, the cell grows rapidly.
• FALSE Gametes through meiosis are with similar genes to

  their parents,
• S Phase DNA replicates
• Telophase Nuclear membrane reforms.
• Cytokineses cytoplasm completely divides
• G phase where protein and rna synthesis occurs
• G2 phase cells prepare for the actual cell division
• Metaphase Chromosomes align at the equatorial plane.
• Prophase Chromosomes condense and become visible.
• Anaphase Sister chromatids separate and migrate to the opposite pole.
• 1. Iron Deficiency - this happens when there is insufficient iron in the body, it is also called anemia. When this happens the body cannot produce enough red blood cells that enable to carry oxygen to the body that leads you to feel tired and experience shortness of breath
• 1. Zinc Deficiency - this occurs when the body does not receive adequate amount of zinc to sustain its function. Zinc support cell functions and is needed to make chemical reactions in the body to happen. This deficiency leads to appetite loss and poor immune system. It was revealed that zine deficiency in the Philippines is a significant public health concern (Marcos 2015).
• Constipation - refers to infrequent bowel movement and the stool is difficult to pass and can happen for several weeks or even longer (ClevelandClinic 2019).
• Diarrhea - happens when a loose and watery

  be present for days. It is a result by the body s INAblt tO ADSOrD 100a (MFMER 2021).
• Peptic Ulcers - refers to the painful sores inside the lining of the stomach or in the upper part of the small intestine. These ulcers are slow to heal and can even keep on returning (MFMER 2021).
• Colon Cancer - medically known as colorectal cancer in which it involves the colon or the large intestine and the rectum. It is when there is a tumor growth in the lining of the large intestine or in the rectum. This indicates abdominal pain, change in bowel habits and others (Division of Cancer Prevention and Control 2020) .