BSEE 32

• Literature


  An art; from a latin word 'litera' meaning letter
• Literature


  Body of written works of a particular time, country especially those valued for excellence of form and expression
• Literature


  Creative and universal means of communication
• Literature


  Deals with the ideas, thoughts and emotions of man and said to be the story of man
• Why we study literature

  • Literature is a conforming mirror of reality
  • Literature serves as an expression of ideas and feelings
  • Literature enlarges the reader's world
  • It is a means of preserving the culture and appreciating literary heritage
• Roles of literature


  • Acts as a form of expression for each individual author
  • Broadens one's understanding of human condition
  • Connects the past and the present and even the future
• Essence and functions of literature

  • Entertainment
  • Social and Political
  • Ideological
  • Moral
  • Linguistic
  • Cultural
  • Educational
• Divisions of literature


  • Genres of literature
  • Types of poetry
• Narrative poetry


  Describes important events in life either real or imaginary
• Lyric poetry


  Originally, this refers to that kind of poetry meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, but now, this applies to any type of poetry that expresses emotions and feelings of the poet
• Dramatic poetry


  Encompasses a highly emotional story that is written in verse and meant to be recited. It usually tells a story or refers to a specific situation
• Types of lyric poetry

  • Folksongs
  • Sonnet
  • Elegy
  • Ode
  • Psalms
  • Awit (Songs)
  • Corridos
• Types of narrative poetry

  • Epics
  • Ballads
  • Metrical Tale
• Types of dramatic poetry

  • Tragedy
  • Comedy
  • Farce
  • Melodrama
• Types of prose


  • Novel
  • Short Story
  • Plays
  • Legends
  • Fables
  • Anecdotes
  • Essay
  • Biography
  • News
  • Oration
• Prose poetry is written in the common flow of conversation in sentences and paragraphs, and has a more melodious tone
• Fiction


  Is a form of any narrative or informative work that deals with information/events that are imaginary, made out of nothing, symbolic, artificial
• Non-fiction


  Is a form of any narrative, account or other communicative work based on facts, comes out of something, straightforward, natural
• Enjoyment


  • The most important personal gain that good books offer to children is the most obvious one
• Imagination and Inspiration


  • Through the vicarious experience of entering a world different from the present one, children develop their imaginations and stories about people, both real and imaginary, can inspire children to overcome obstacles, accept different perspectives and formulate personal goals
• Knowledge and Insights


  • Good books offer both information and wisdom
  • Informational books provide factual knowledge
  • Fiction and poetry offer insights into life
  • Historical fiction and biography offer both information and wisdom
• Understanding and Empathy


  • Literature helps young people gain an appreciation of the universality of human needs across history
  • Walking in someone else's shoes often helps children develop a sense of social justice and a greater capacity to empathize with others
• Heritage and Cultural Identity


  • Stories are repositories of culture
  • Knowing the tales, characters, expressions, and adages that are part of our cultural heritage is part of being culturally literate
• Moral Reasoning


  • Moral reasoning is an integral part of character education, a strand in social studies curricula of many elementary schools
• Literary and Artistic Preferences


  • Children who read regularly from a wide variety of children's books soon develop their own personal preferences for types of books and select favorite authors and illustrations
  • This serves as "power reading motivators"
  • The more children know about their world the more they discover about themselves – who they are, what they value, and what they stand for
• Academic Value of Literature


  • Regular involvement with excellent and appropriate literature can foster language development in young children and can help them learn to read and value reading
• Aesthetic Value


  • Illustrations help children to learn (help to tell the story)
  • Illustrations also have aesthetic value (art)
• Literary Success


  • As the more time children spend reading literature, the better their reading and writing abilities become
• Social Development


  • Literature not only reflects our cultural norms, values and beliefs but it can also help shape them
• Language Development


  • Language development is the process through which children acquire the ability to process speech and communicate
• Fables


  Fictional stories that deal with animals and inanimate things who speak and act like people, with the purpose of enlightening the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes
• Anecdotes


  Products of the writer's imagination, with the main aim of bringing out lessons to the audience, to the intellect, or to the emotions
• Action


  The element of a story's plot or sequence of interrelated events, what the characters do to one another
• Allusion


  A reference to something outside the story proper, often to a historical fact or a literary work
• Antagonist


  A character or force against which a main character struggles
• Characterization


  The means by which writers present and reveal character
• Climax


  The turning point of the action in the plot of a story, representing the point of greatest tension
• Connotation


  The personal and emotional associations suggested by a word meaning
• Denouement


  The resolution or ending of the plot of a story, a French word meaning the untying of a knot
• Dialogue


  The conversations of characters in a story