Perdev

• STI

  Sexually Transmitted Infection
• STD

  Sexually Transmitted Disease
• An STI is only considered a disease when it causes symptoms.
• Infection

  The first step on the road to disease, infections haven't yet turned into disease and often don't cause any symptoms
• Disease

  A medical problem with obvious signs and symptoms
• Four types of infections

  • Viruses
  • Bacterias
  • Fungus
  • Parasites
• STI/STD

  An infection transmitted through sexual contact with an infected individual, can develop into a sexually transmitted disease
• Five modes of transmission

  • Vaginal sex
  • Anal sex
  • Oral sex
  • Skin-to-skin contact
  • Infected Mother to child
• Often NO signs or symptoms, UNAWARE of infection, and don't receive treatment.
• LONG-TERM damage may have PASSED infection to others.
• More than 50% of all people will have an STI at some point in their lifetime.
• Bacterial STDs

  Antibiotics can cure, but cannot reverse the long-term damage
• Viral STDs

  Treatment can improve the lives of many people living with, but there is NO cure
• Chlamydia


  Most frequently reported STD in the U.S., estimated 1.76 million new cases in 2018
• Chlamydia

  • Abnormal vaginal/penile discharge, Burning sensation when urinating, Rectal pain/discharge/bleeding, Pain/swollen in one or both testicles
  • Can lead to: Sterility or infertility, Infection of tube that carries sperm, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), Long-term abdominal/pelvic pain, Scar tissue formation in fallopian tubes, Ectopic pregnancy
• Gonorrhea

  2nd most common disease reported in the U.S., estimated 583,405 new cases in 2018
• Gonorrhea


  • Abnormal vaginal/penile discharge (white, yellow or green), Burning sensation when urinating, Vaginal bleeding between periods, Rectal discharge/itching/bleeding, Pain/swollen in one or both testicles
  • Can lead to: Sterility or infertility, Disseminated infection (rash, fever, arthritis, meningitis, etc.), Painful infection tubes attached testicles, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), Long-term abdominal/pelvic pain, Ectopic pregnancy, Scar tissue form in fallopian tubes, Inability to get pregnant
• Diagnoses of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Cases in Oklahoma, by Age
• Primary Syphilis

  Chancre (primary syphilis sore) - firm, round, and painless or open and wet, appears within 2-6 weeks after exposure usually but possibly up to 3 months, found on the part of the body exposed to the infection such as penis, vagina, anus, lips, in rectum, or in mouth, disappears after a few weeks without treatment and still progresses to next stage of Secondary Syphilis
• Secondary Syphilis

  • Condylomata lata (C. lata) or "fleshy warts" in anogenital region, Alopecia or patchy hair loss, non-itchy RASH with rough red or Reddish-brown spots, Mucous Patches usually in the mouth, vagina, or anus
• Latent Syphilis

  The period of time when there are no signs or symptoms but syphilis is still present in the body, if left untreated, you can continue to have syphilis in your body for years without any signs or symptoms
• Late (Tertiary) Syphilis


  • Can damage almost any part of the body including the heart, brain, spinal cord, eyes and bones, Can result in mental illness, blindness, deafness, heart disease and death, Types: Cardiovascular Syphilis, Late Benign Syphilis, Neurosyphilis
• Neurosyphilis


  • Difficulty coordinating muscle movements, Paralysis (not able to move certain parts of your body), Numbness, Blindness, Dementia (mental disorder), Damage to internal organs, Can result in death, More likely to occur early in the disease process if HIV infection is also present
• Congenital Syphilis

  • 40% will be stillborn or die in the hospital, Transmission can occur during any stage of syphilis and during any trimester of pregnancy, Can cause: Prematurity, Birth defects, Hutchinson's teeth, Osteochondritis, Developmental delays
• Trichomoniasis


  Parasite passed during vaginal sex, 70% of infected people have NO signs/symptoms, Abnormal thin vaginal/penile discharge, Burning urinating and ejaculation, white, yellow or green with foul odor, Genitals itching, sore, red, burning, Greatly increases the risk of getting/spreading other STIs
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)


  Serious infection of woman's reproductive organs, Often untreated STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea
• Paralysis


  • Not able to move certain parts of your body
• Dementia

  • Mental disorder
• HIV infection is also present


  More likely to occur early in the disease process
• 40% of congenital syphilis cases will be stillborn or die in the hospital
• Congenital syphilis transmission

  Can occur during any stage of syphilis and during any trimester of pregnancy
• Congenital syphilis can cause

  • Prematurity
  • Birth defects
  • Hutchinson's teeth
  • Osteochondritis
  • Developmental delays
• In the U.S., estimated 3.7 million new cases of trichomoniasis in 2018
• Trichomoniasis

  Parasite passed during vaginal sex
• 70% of infected people with trichomoniasis have no signs/symptoms
• Trichomoniasis symptoms

  • Abnormal thin vaginal/penile discharge
  • Burning urinating and ejaculation
  • White, yellow or green with foul odor
  • Genitals itching, sore, red, burning
• Trichomoniasis site


  Lower genital tract (vulva, vagina, penis or urethra)
• Trichomoniasis

  Greatly increases the risk of getting/spreading other STIs
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)


  • Serious infection of woman's reproductive organs
  • Often untreated STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea
• PID symptoms

  • Pain in your lower abdomen
  • Pain & bleeding when you have sex
  • Burning sensation with urination
  • Vaginal discharge with a bad odor
  • Bleeding between period
  • Fever