sparta at war

• How was Sparta characterized in the 5th century?

  As a powerful city-state in Greece
• Which regions did Sparta conquer?

  Laconia and Messenia
• What happened to the native inhabitants of the conquered lands?

  They were enslaved and forced to work
• What were the enslaved inhabitants of Sparta known as?

  Helots
• What were the communities that were not enslaved called?

  Perioeci
• What was the difference between Helots and Perioeci?

  Helots were enslaved, Perioeci were free
• What obligations did Perioeci have to Sparta?

  Follow Spartan policies and fight in wars
• At what age did boys begin training for the Spartan army?

  Seven years old
• What skills did Spartan boys learn during training?

  Physical strength, endurance, and teamwork
• How did the training intensity change as Spartan boys aged?

  It became more intense and rigorous
• What was the purpose of the intense training for Spartan youth?

  To prepare them for military service
• What was the name of the Spartan battle formation?

  Phalanx
• What was the significance of the Battle of Thermopylae?

  It showcased Spartan bravery against Persia
• What was the Spartan soldier called?

  Hoplite
• What type of armor did Spartan hoplites wear?

  Bronze armor and helmets
• How did the Spartan military training differ from other Greek city-states?

  It was more rigorous and focused on combat
• What was the primary weapon of Spartan hoplites?

  Spears
• What was the role of women in Spartan society?

  To manage households and raise warriors
• How did Spartan women differ from women in other Greek city-states?

  They had more rights and freedoms
• What was the Spartan motto regarding strength?

  “Come back with your shield or on it”
• What was the significance of the Spartan shield?

  It symbolized protection and unity
• How did the Spartan military influence their society?

  It created a culture of discipline and strength
• What was the Spartan battle cry?

  “A Spartan never surrenders”
• How did the Spartan military contribute to their reputation?

  Through their undefeated record in battle
• What was the impact of the Spartan military on Greek warfare?

  It set standards for discipline and tactics
• What were the key components of Spartan military training?

  • Training began at age seven
  • Focus on physical strength and endurance
  • Emphasis on teamwork and competition
  • Intense training included food rationing and combat skills
• What were the roles of Helots and Perioeci in Spartan society?

  Helots:

  • Enslaved population
  • Worked the land for Spartans

  
  

  Perioeci:

  • Free inhabitants
  • Followed Spartan policies and fought in wars
• What was the significance of the Battle of Thermopylae for Sparta?

  • Showcased Spartan bravery
  • Fought against a much larger Persian army
  • Became a symbol of resistance and sacrifice
• How did Spartan society prioritize military training?

  • Military training was central to Spartan culture
  • Boys trained from a young age
  • Emphasis on discipline, strength, and teamwork
• What were the characteristics of Spartan hoplites?

  • Heavily armed infantry soldiers
  • Wore bronze armor and helmets
  • Used spears as primary weapons
• How did Spartan women differ from women in other Greek city-states?

  • Had more rights and freedoms
  • Managed households and property
  • Were encouraged to be physically fit
• What was the Spartan motto regarding courage?

  • “Come back with your shield or on it”
  • Emphasized bravery and loyalty
  • Reflected the warrior ethos of Sparta
• What was the role of the phalanx in Spartan warfare?

  • A tight infantry formation
  • Maximized strength and protection
  • Essential for successful battles
• How did the Spartan military influence their society?

  • Created a culture of discipline and strength
  • Valued military prowess above all
  • Led to a society focused on warfare
• What is the Greek letter used in the term "ronze"?

  Lambda
• What fighting method did the Spartans excel in?

  The phalanx method
• What was the most famous Spartan battle?

  The Battle of Thermopylae
• In what year did the famous Spartan battle take place?

  480 BC
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Thermopylae for the Spartans?

  They were defeated
• Who invaded Greece in 480 BC?

  The Persian king Xerxes