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roman military
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Cards (66)
What period does the Roman Military refer to?
Imperial period
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When was Rome ruled by emperors?
In the
1st
and early
2nd
century
AD
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What regions did the Roman Empire control?
Much of
Western Europe
,
North Africa
, and parts of
Western Asia
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How was the Roman army characterized during this period?
It was fully
professional
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What was the largest unit of the Roman army called?
The
legion
Approximately
30
legions
posted across the empire
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What were the senior figures of the army called?
Senior figures
were called
legates
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Where did the senior figures of the army come from?
From the
Roman
upper classes
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Who appointed the commander of the legion?
The
emperor
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What were the six senior officers of the legion called?
Tribunes
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What did tribunes wear as a symbol of rank?
A
purple
stripe on their toga
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How were legions numbered and named?
They were numbered and often named after a
notable
figure
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How many cohorts made up a legion?
Ten
cohorts
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What was the size of the first cohort?
It had around
800
men
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How many men were in the other nine cohorts?
Each had around
480
men
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What was the total number of men in a legion?
About 4,320
men
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What was a century in the Roman army?
A small unit of about
80
men
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What was the role of the centurion?
To command a
century
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What was required to become a soldier in the Roman army?
Must be a
Roman citizen
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What was the period of probation for soldiers?
A period of probation including a
medical exam
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What would happen if a soldier passed the probation period?
He would pay for his journey to the
legionary fort
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What oath would a soldier take upon joining?
A
military
oath of allegiance
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What was included in the training of soldiers?
Learning
military tactics
and
discipline
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What were the key components of recruitment and training in the Roman army?
Must be a
Roman citizen
Period of
probation
with a
medical exam
Journey to the legionary fort
Military oath of allegiance
Training included
tactics
and
discipline
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What is the period of probation for a soldier?
A period of probation includes a
medical exam
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What happens if a soldier passes the probation period?
He would pay for his journey to the
legionary fort
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Where would a soldier go after passing probation?
To the
legionary
fort for training
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What does training for soldiers include?
Learning to march (
20 miles
in
5 hours
)
Completing
drills
Building fitness skills
Weapons training
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What was the final task for soldiers in training?
To construct a
camp
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Who paid the soldier's salary?
The
Roman
state
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How were promoted soldiers compensated?
They were paid more than regular
legionary
soldiers
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How were auxiliary soldiers and sailors compensated?
They were paid much less than
legionaries
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What could auxiliary soldiers receive for their service?
Roman citizenship
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What was the purpose of the legionary fortress?
Headquarters of the legion
Originally built in
wood
Later constructed in
stone
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What surrounded the legionary fortress?
Ditches
and
corner towers
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What facilities did legions have access to?
Baths
A
hospital
A basilica
A temple
Granaries
An amphitheater
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What was the name of the legionary's own villa?
Praetorium
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What was the significance of the testudo formation?
Famous Roman battle formation
Overlapping
shields
for defense
Used to defend from all sides
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What was the primary weapon of the legionaries?
Gladius
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What was the most iconic legionary weapon?
The
pilum
javelin
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What event strengthened the Roman Navy?
Octavian's
victory at the Battle of
Actium
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