DRAWR

• Fire can start and happen anywhere, some fires cause a threat, damage, and even death
• Every school conducts a fire drill every year to promote safety and security to faculty members, staff, and students
• It is an opportunity to raise awareness about emergency procedures and fired preparedness before, during, and after the possible incident
• Fire triangle


  Oxygen, heat, and fuel
• Fire tetrahedron


  Oxygen, heat, fuel, and chemical reaction
• Fire triangle/tetrahedron


  • Take any of these four things away, and you will not have a fire or the fire will be extinguished
• Functions of fire triangle

  1. Heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen) are present and combined in the right mixture

  2. A fire can be prevented or extinguished by removing any one of the elements in the fire triangle
• Natural causes of fire

  • Lightning
  • Volcanic activities
  • Spontaneous combustion
• Human-made causes of fire

  • Wildfires or forest fires
  • Housefire
  • Cooking equipment
  • Heaters
  • Smoking in bedrooms
  • Candles
  • Curious children
  • Faulty wiring
  • Barbeques
  • Flammable liquids
  • Lighting
• Before a fire incident

  1. Learn fire safety techniques and teach them to your family regularly

  2. Talk to children about the dangers of fire and keep lighters and matches out of reach

  3. Make a personalized preparedness emergency kit
• During a fire incident

  1. Get out and stay out. Follow your escape plan. Do not stop

  2. If closed doors or handles are warm, use an alternate exit

  3. Crawl under low smoke

  4. If smoke, heat or flames block your exit, stay in the room with the doors closed. Place a wet towel under the door and call 9-1-1. Open a window and wave a brightly coloured cloth or use a flashlight to signal for help
• After a fire incident

  1. Only re-enter your home if you are authorized by officials to do so

  2. Have injuries treated by a medical professional

  3. Take precautions while cleaning your property. Wear protective gear including boots, safety glasses and rubber gloves when cleaning up

  4. Ensure your food and water is safe. Discard any food that may have been exposed to heat, smoke or soot and do not use water that may be contaminated

  5. Following public health guidelines in your province/territory, check on vulnerable family members, friends and neighbours who may require special assistance
• Class A fires


  Fires in ordinary combustibles, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and many plastics. Making the fuel cool below ignition temperature can extinguish the fire.
• How to extinguish Class A fires

  Simply using water can put out the fire
• Class B fires


  Fires in flammable liquids—such as gasoline, petroleum greases, tars, oils, oil-based paints, solvents and alcohols—or flammable gases, propane, and butane. DOES NOT include fires involving cooking oils and grease.
• How to extinguish Class B fires

  This type of fire can be extinguished by forming a blockage between oxygen and the fuel, for instance, by applying a layer of foam
• Class C fires


  Involve fuel that belongs to either class A or B but which also involve powered electrical equipment like home appliances, motors, and transformers.
• How to extinguish Class C fires

  This type of fire requires knowledge of special techniques and agents (usually carbon dioxide or dry chemical agents) to be extinguished. Because of the involvement of electricity, extinguishing this fire type by water is very dangerous and out of the question.
• Class K fires


  Involve fuels such as cooking oils and greases (animal-and vegetable-fat derived).
• How to extinguish Class K fires

  Only a fully-protected firefighter should deal with such fires.
• Class D fires


  Involve combustible metals such as aluminum, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, titanium, and zirconium, most of which are usually contained in automobiles.
• How to extinguish Class D fires

  Salt-based special powders and clean dry sand are effective in extinguishing such fires.
• By virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 115-4, the month of March was declared as Fire Prevention Month because of the alarming increase of fire incidents happening across the country during this particular period.
• The Bureau of Fire Protection, as the government agency mandated to prevent and suppress all kinds of destructive fires, investigate its causes, enforce fire-related laws and provide emergency medical and rescue services, shall anchor all the activities for the Fire Prevention Month towards fire safety at home by introducing innovative programs and activities leading towards motivating the public to take fire safety as everyone's concern.
• This year's theme is "Sa Pag-iwas sa Sunog Di Ka Nag-isa."
• APW

  Air-pressurized water
• APW extinguishers

  • Large, silver extinguishers
  • Filled about two-thirds with ordinary tap water
  • Pressurized with normal air
  • Just a giant squirt gun
  • Stand about 2 feet tall
  • Weigh approximately 25 pounds when full
• APW extinguishers

  Designed for Class A (wood, paper, cloth) fires only
• Never use water to extinguish flammable liquid fires
• Water is extremely ineffective at extinguishing flammable liquid fires, and you may, in fact, spread the fire if you try to use water on it
• Never use water to extinguish an electrical fire
• Water is a good conductor, and there is some concern for electrocution if you were to use water to extinguish an electrical fire
• Electrical equipment, including computers, must be unplugged and/or de-energized before using a water extinguisher on it
• How APW extinguishers work

  Extinguish the fire by taking away the "heat" element of the fire triangle
• Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers


  Filled with non-flammable carbon dioxide gas under extreme pressure
• Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers

  • No Gauge
  • Hard Horn
  • 8+ lbs
• You can recognize a COz exinguisher by its hard horn and lack of pressure gauge
• The pressure in the cylinder is so great that when you use one of these extinguishers, bits of dry ice may shoot out the horn
• CO, cylinders


  Red in color and range in size from 5 lbs to 100 lbs or larger
• In the larger sizes, the hard hom will be located on the end of a long, flexible hose