Science - A

• Asexual reproduction


  The creation of a new organism from a single parent and does not involve the combination of gametes or sex cells
• Sexual reproduction


  The type of reproduction that involves two parents and combination of gametes (sex cells) to produce a new organism
• Asexual reproduction methods


  • Spore formation
  • Budding
  • Fission
  • Fragmentation
  • Regeneration
• Asexual reproduction


  • Organism does not need to search for a partner
  • Requires less energy since no mating is needed
  • Takes only a short period of time
  • Produces many offspring at each reproductive cycle
• Sexual reproduction


  • Creates variation in the genetic makeup of the offspring
  • Requires finding a partner
  • Requires more energy
  • Has a slower rate of reproduction
• Types of reproduction


  • Asexual
  • Sexual
• Types of ecosystems


  • Terrestrial
  • Aquatic
• Terrestrial ecosystems


  • Land-based communities
  • Forests dominated by trees and animals
  • Grasslands dominated by grasses
  • Tundra
  • Deserts
• Aquatic ecosystems


  • Present in a body of water
  • Freshwater
  • Marine (seas and oceans, more substantial salt)
• Biotic components


  • Producers
  • Consumers
  • Decomposers
• Abiotic components


  • Minerals
  • Soil
  • Water
  • Air
• Types of ecological relationships

  • Mutualism
  • Commensalism
  • Parasitism
  • Predation
  • Competition
• Mutualism


  Both organisms are benefited
• Commensalism


  One organism is benefited while the other is unaffected and unharmed
• Parasitism


  One organism is benefited while the other is affected
• Predation


  One organism is benefited while the other is killed
• Competition


  Both organisms involved are negatively affected