MRS

• THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  Male and female reproductive systems develop from similar embryonic tissue.
• • Adult reproductive systems share some functional similarities.
  • Around 7 weeks or approximately 2 months nagsstart ng magdevelop yung gender ng fetus or baby kaya as early as 12 weeks or 3 months pwede ng makita yung gender if under certain condition like yung genital angle na makikita or madedetermine through ultrasound.
• FUNCTIONS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  1. PRODUCTION OF SPERM CELLS.
  2. SUSTAINING AND TRANSFER OF THE SPERM CELLS TO THE FEMALE.
  3. PRODUCTION OF MALE SEX HORMONES.
•  MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  • It provides nutrients for the sperm cell and transportation of sperm from testes to penis to female reproductive system.
• • Hormones produced by the MRS controls the development of the reproductive system itself and the male body form
• THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF:

  1. TESTES
  2. ACCESSORY GLANDS
  3. SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
• SCROTUM

  • Sac (*or bag) of skin that hangs outside the abdominopelvic cavity at the root of the penis 
• paired TESTICLES

  1. two oval-shaped glands
  2. producing and storing sperm & produces hormones (testosterone)
• SCROTAL SEPTUM

  1. divides the scrotum into two chambers.
  2. It is the extension of Perineal Raphe
• Perineal Raphe

  • a line of tissue that extends from the anus, through the perineum, and upwards through the midline of the penis.
• External positioning of the scrotum keeps the testes 3C lower

  than core body temperature
• what will happen in scrotum if cold or warm

  hot-difficulty in sperm production and cold-nakaloob yung scrotum
• WALL OF THE SCROTUM

  1. DARTOS MUSCLE 
  2. CREMASTER MUSCLE
• DARTOS MUSCLE

  • A thin layer of smooth muscle. 
  • Contractions of this muscle causes wrinkling of the skin.
• CREMASTER MUSCLE


  Helps move testicle toward and away from the body to maintain the ideal temperature for sperm production
• CREMASTER MUSCLE


  This is why scrotum hangs lower in warm conditions and closer to the body in cold weather
• TESTES/MALE GONADS

  • Develop internally near the kidneys and descend through the inguinal canal during the latter half of the seventh month gestation.
• TESTICLES

  1. Are two oval- shaped organs in the MRS.
  2. These are contained in the scrotum
• TESTOSTERONE

  • *responsible for the=(fertility, sex drive, and the development of muscle and bone mass.
• IMPORTANCE of TESTES/MALE GONADS

  1. production and storage of sperm until they’re mature enough for ejaculation
  2. produce a hormone called TESTOSTERONE 
• Layers of tissues that serves as protection membranes:

  1. TUNICA VASCULOSA
  2. TUNICA ALBUGINEA
  3. TUNICA VAGINALIS
• TUNICA VASCULOSA


  first thin layer of blood vessels; shields tubular interior of each testicle from layers of tissue around the outer testicle
• TUNICA VASCULOSA


  shields tubular interior of each testicle from layers of tissue around the outer testicle
• TUNICA ALBUGINEA

  • thick, protective layer made of densely packed fibers that protect the testes.
• TUNICA VAGINALIS

  • a continuation of the peritoneum that lines the abdominopelvic cavity, & forms during the descent of the testes
• tunica albuginea

  • gives rise to septa (partitions) that divide the testis into lobules (about 250). 
• SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

  Coiled tubes that make up most of each testis and responsible for SPERMATOGENESIS or the process of creating sperm
• INTERSTITIAL OR LEYDIG CELLS

  • located in the connective tissue surrounding the seminiferous tubules.
  • produce testosterone
• TESTOSTERONE

  • male sex hormone
  • responsible for the growth and maintenance of the cells of the germinal epithelium and the development of secondary sex characteristics
• • After the sperm is created in the Seminiferous Tubules, the sperm travels to rete testis to epididymis.
• RETE TESTIS

  • helps to mix sperm cells around in the fluid secreted by sertoli cells.
• SERTOLI CELLS

  • aid in the production of hormones that generate sperm.
• EPIDIDYMIS

  • long, coiled tube that stores sperm and transports it from the testes. 
  • It comprise of 3 section: (head, body, and tail)
• • From the production of the sperm cells from Seminiferous Tubules, the sperm will travel to the Rete Testis which helps to mix sperm cells around in the fluid secreted by sertoli cells. And the body reabsorbs this fluid as sperm cells travels from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis.
  • But before the sperm can get to the epididymis, they cannot move. They can only move  through the help of microvilli 
• MICROVILLI


  millions of tiny projections in the rete testis – help move sperm along to the efferent tubules
• DESCENT OF THE TESTES

  1. Movement of the organ from abdominal cavity to the bottom of a fully developed and fully relaxed scrotum
• TESTES

  • Ovoid structures about 5 cm long and 3 cm wide.
  • Located within the scrotal sac (scrotum)
  • During fetal development they are near the kidneys and slowly move inferiorly in the abdominal cavity.
• The descent of the testes occurs during the 7TH OR 8TH MONTH of the fetal development, or in some cases, shortly after birth.
• The testes descent on their own into the scrotum by age of 3 months
• CRYPTORCHIDISM


  Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac