ANOVA ONE WAY

• measures how far apart numbers are in a data set

  standard deviation
• gives an actual value to how much the numbers in a data set vary from the mean

  variance
• The most used statistical technique in psychological research

  ANOVA
• why is it most used?

  1. Because psychologists create new treatments and programs. You need to create experimentation in this matter to test its validity.
  2. Tertiary educ = hindi masyadong gamit kasi we only need to comply. Regression ginagamit instead.
• similar function to t-test

  1. Ability to rule-out if there is significant difference between means.
  2. BUT, more capable of analyzing complex datasets.
• difference of t-test and ANOVA

  same function but ANOVA is more powerful when it comes to analyzing complex data.
• FIRST USEFULNESS OF ANOVA

  It imposes no restriction on the number of means. Instead of asking whether two means differ, we can ask whether three, four, five, or k means differ.

  • Kahit ilang mean o average ang i-check/compare mo walang issue.
  • Hindi restricted sa number of means being compared.
  • Limit: 3 – 4 lang kasi mahihirapan lang tayo puwede namang madali
• SECOND USEFULNESS OF ANOVA

  It allows us to deal with two or more independent variables simultaneously, asking not only about the individual effects of each variable separately but also about the interacting effects of two or more variables (Howell, 2010).

  • Kahit may two or more IV’s ka kaya mong malaman yung individual effects as well as pinagsama o combined/interacting effects.
• FIRST ANOVA REQUIREMENT


  data should be normal

  
  

  *but ayon kay sartori, pag psych variable oks lang kahit hindi normal curve
• SECOND ANOVA REQUIREMENT


  MEMBERS of each group should be RANDOMLY SELECTED
• THIRD ANOVA REQUIREMENT


  IV - NOMINAL (may categories)

  DV - INTERVAL/RATIO (nasusukat ng instrument or scale?)
• Used when there is a single IV with many levels (3 or more) that is tested if has a significant effect to the criterion (DV).

  ONE-WAY ANOVA
• ACCORDING KAY ALFRED ADLER**

  ang birth-order daw ay may kinalaman sa personality.

  middle child daw ang pinaka resilient kasi balanced lang, saktong aruga.
• Null or Alt?

  • IV is not a factor to the DV of the participants

  NULL
• Null or Alt?

  • IV is a factor to the DV of the participants

  ALTERNATIVE
• FIRST LIMITATION OF ANOVA

  The interpretation of the analysis of variance CAN BE DIFFICULT because 3 or more groups are being compared.
• SECOND LIMITATION OF ANOVA


  ANOVA just tells you if there is significant difference among the groups that exists, but it doesn’t know which of the three or more groups is significantly different from the other groups.
• Statistical Treatment used to identify the specifics on the differences between the groups included in the study.

  para malaman ano 'yung hindi nabanggit sa limitations

  post hoc analysis
• SYMBOLS SA POST HOC TABLE

  one/1 = perfect, walang difference kasi self clash

  dash/- = hindi gagamitin space, para iwas lito

  asterisk/* = lower than .05
• one of the most useful tests for investigating multiple comparison of means.

  tukey's HSD(honestly significant difference)