Eng2

• Feminism


  The study of the ways in which literature (and other cultural productions) either enforce or undermine the economic, political, social, and psychological oppression of women
• Marxism/Marxist approach


  The cultural theory that embodies a set of social, economic, and political ideas that its followers believe will enable them to interpret and change their world
• Social classes

  • Upper class (14%)
  • Upper middle class (14%)
  • Lower middle class (32%)
  • Working class (32%)
  • Lower class (8%)
• Marxist approach


  • Examines what social classes the characters represent
  • Reveals class conflict, the difference between economic groups and the difference between the material and spiritual
• Chapters in a research paper


  • Introduction
  • Background of the study
  • Theoretical framework
  • Conceptual framework
  • Statement of the objectives
  • Hypothesis
  • Significance of the study
  • Scope and limitation
  • Definition of terms
• Historical literary approach


  • Literature is a product of the times and reflects the social, political, and cultural conditions in which it was written
  • Provides enough information to help the reader understand a work better using its historical background
• History and literature come hand in hand because together, they interpret human experiences and allow us to know the things that shape our present time
• Things to consider in historical literary approach

  • When the work was written
  • Events occurring at the time of writing
  • Ideas circulating at the time of writing
  • Author's biography and social background
  • What the work meant to the people who first read it
• Reader-response theory


  • Recognizes that different people read works differently and that people's interpretations change over time
  • Literature may be judged according to how the reader perceives instead of what the author intends
  • The text itself has no meaning until it is read by a reader
  • The reader creates the meaning
  • Analysis of the reader's role in the production of meaning makes someone's reading a function of personal identity
  • Interpretations are not necessarily correct, readers must justify their reactions based on evidence from the text
• Literature

   is a product of the times and reflects the social
• Historical Literary Approach

  Provides enough information to help the reader understand a work better using its historical background
• The Hunchback of Notre Dame


  A book written by Victor Hugo
• Victor Hugo

  play built up of the french revolution
• Quasimodo

  the ugliest man in paris
• Minister Frollo

  doesn't allow him to go out because of his appearance
• The Gargoyles

  Friends of Quasimodo and encourage him to go to the festival
• Quasimodo

  He was chosen as the festival of fools
• La Esmeralda

  She was kind and Quasimodo fell in love with her
• Karl Marx

  Proponent of Marxist theory
• Social inequality

  Consequence of the arrival of the division of labor and more over what has led to the class society
• Lower Class

  Rely on government
• Working Class

  Blue collar workers
• Bourgeoisie

  Middle Class
• Blue collar workers

  Perform manual labor
• Blue collar workers

  Does not involve or work in an office