Basketball

• Basketball


  A team sports played between two teams of five players in an indoor rectangular court where each team try to score by throwing the ball into the opponent's goal, which is an elevated netted hoop called the basket
• Basketball is one of the most popular and widely viewed sports across the globe
• Invention of the game

  The game of basketball as it is known today was created by Dr. James Naismith in December 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts, to condition young athletes during cold months
• James Naismith


  • He was a physical education instructor at YMCA International Training School (now known as Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts
  • He was tasked to create an indoor sports game to help athletes keep in shape in cold weather
  • He published 13 rules for the new game
• The first public basketball game was played in Springfield, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1892.
• Basketball court


  • For the international games is 28 by 15 meters (approx. 92 by 49 ft.)
  • The National Basketball Association (NBA) is 94 by 50 ft. (29 by 15m)
  • Most courts are made of wood
  • The top of the rim is exactly 10 ft. (3.05 m) above the court and 4 ft. (1.2 m) inside the baseline
• Backboard


  • It is a raised vertical board with a basket attached
  • Size of a basketball backboard: width: 6 feet (72 inches), Height: 3.5 feet (42 inches)
  • Size of a basketball rim: the diameter of the rim is 18"
• The ball


  • CIRCUMFERENCE - between 75 and 78 cm. (29.5 and 30.25 inches)
  • WEIGHT - 600 and 650 grams. (20 and 22 oz.)
  • AIR PRESSURE- around 8 lbs.
  • The ball is round and the outer casing should be either Leather, Rubber or other suitable Synthetic materials
• Game clock


  This is the clock that runs whenever the ball is in play, and stops whenever the balls goes out of bounds and when a foul is committed. Shows how much time remains in the game
• Scoreboard


  It is a large board for publicly displaying the score in a game or match. They used at least one scoreboard for keeping score, measuring time, and displaying statistics
• Point Guard


  • This player typically the best dribbler and passer on the team
• Shooting Guard


  • Also called "two guard", is typically a team's best outside shooter on the team
• Small Forward


  • Is typically a better outside shooter and smaller than a power forward
• Power Forward


  • Are skilled rebounders
• Center


  • Is the tallest player on the team. The center's role is to establish a position near the basket to allow him/herself an easy jump shot
• Five basic skills in basketball

  • Dribbling
  • Shooting
  • Running
  • Passing
  • Jumping
• Dribbling


  Ball-handling skills and knowledge of how to spread your fingers for ball control
• Shooting


  Ability to properly hold and throw the ball into the air toward the basket while avoiding defenders (e.g. jumpshots, lay-ups, and free throws)
• Running


  Helps you to avoid defenders and get to the basket quicker
• Passing


  Finding a teammate who is open for a shot for the team to set-up scoring plays
• Jumping


  Jumpballs in the beginning (offensive) and ability to jump when trying to block a shot (defensive)
• Teams/number of players

  • The teams of maximum 12 players, with a maximum of five players of each team on the court at any time
  • Teams may make as many substitutions as they like
• Duration


  • The game consists of four periods of 10 minutes
  • If the scores are tied, overtime periods of five minutes will be played until one team has more points than the other (at the end of the 5-minute period)
• Scoring

  • A basket scored from near the basket (inside the three-point arc) is worth two points
  • A basket scored from far (beyond the three-point arc) is worth three points
  • A basket scored from the free-throw line is worth one point
• Moving the ball

  • The ball may either be passed from one player to another, or dribbled by a player from one point to another (bounced while walking or running)
  • Before passing or shooting the ball, a player may take two steps (without dribbling)
  • Once a player has stopped dribbling, he may not start to dribble again
  • Once the team in possession of the ball has passed the half-court line, it may cross back over the line with the ball
• Shot clock

  • When a team gains possession of the ball, they have a maximum of 24 seconds to attempt a shot
  • Additionally, offensive players may not remain within the restricted area (key) for more than three consecutive seconds
• Fouls

  • A personal foul occurs when there is illegal contact between two opponents. A player who makes more than five personal fouls is excluded from the game
  • A foul made on a player attempting a shot results in the awarding of the same number of free-throws as those of the shot taken (two from inside the arc, three from outside). If a player is fouled but makes the attempted shot, the shot counts and an additional free-throw will be awarded
  • Once a team has made four fouls in a period, each additional foul (on a player not attempting a shot) will result in the automatic awarding of two free-throws
• Technical Foul (or "Tech")


  A penalty for a violation of conduct, such as abusive language of fighting
• Offensive Foul


  Called when the player with the ball charges into a defender who is in a stationary, defensive position
• Defensive Foul


  Called after any unnecessary or illegal contact either on the ball or away from the ball
• Violations

  • 24-second violation
  • 3 in the key
  • Double Dribble
  • Charging
  • Travelling
  • Eight-second violation
  • Palming
  • Goaltending
• Benefits of basketball

  • Burn calories (an hour of basketball can burn 630-750 calories)
  • Builds up muscles and tones the body
  • Can be a great vascular workout
  • Builds endurance
  • Increases flexibility, speed, and agility
  • Improves coordination
  • Develops good team player attitude
  • Develops concentration and self- discipline
  • Enhances confidence
  • Helps you make new friends
• Basket Net


  The net shall be made by a white cord shall be:

  • Suspended from the ring.
  • Manufactured so they check the ball momentarily as it pass through the basket.
  • No less than 40 mm. and no more 450 in length.
  • Manufactured with 12 loops to attach it to the ring.
  • The upper section of the net shall be semi- rigid.