The Earth's Spheres - Term 1

• The Atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
• The Hydrosphere is the water on Earth and the oceans.
• The Geosphere is the solid, rocky crust covering the planet.
• The Biosphere is the living organisms.
• The layers of the Atmosphere are the Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere and Exosphere.
• Between every layer of the Atmosphere there is a pause.
• Some gases in the Atmosphere are carbon dioxide, water vapour and noble gases.
• The Atmosphere is made up of four-fifths nitrogen and one-fifth oxygen.
• A Hydrologist is a person who studies the Earth's water systems.
• The oceans are 97% salt water and 3% freshwater.
• Example of the Biosphere include; plants, animals and humans.
• Condensation is the process of gas turning into a liquid.
• Evaporation is the process of a liquid turning into a gas.
• Precipitation is the process in which water falls from the sky in the forms of rain, snow, hail or sleet.
• Surface Runoff is water that flows across the surface.
• Most of the Earth's freshwater is found in ice and glaciers.
• Matter is anything occupying space.
• The water cycle is driven by the sun.
• Infiltration is when water is soaked up into the Earth's soil and stored in permeable rocks known as groundwater store.
• Transpiration is when plants and trees release water vapour into the air through their leaves.
• Interception is when plants prevent water from reaching the soil.