UCSP

• Political Structure/Institution 


  Organized way and Power is distributed
• Bands and Tribes


  considered as the simplest political system
• Band


  formed by several families/ informal leadership/ decision making are made by consensus/ ruled by a village headman
• population of band increases, conflict also increases that leads to band fissioning or band splitting
• social velocity 


  leaving band to form own group
• The band who survives band fissioning and social velocity becomes a tribe
• Tribes (Tribu)


  more complex & larger than a band/ as population increases, shifting from basic to multiple way of living/ organized through pantribal association/ commonly headed by a village headman
• village headman 


  has limited political power
• most tribes remain egalitarian
• Chiefdom 


  political organization/ composed of number of communities/ ruled by a chief from elite family (ex. Raja, Sultan Kudarat)/ power is in-herit in chiefdoms/ can either be simple or complex
• Simple Chiefdom 


  ruled by a single family
• Complex Chiefdom 


  composed of several
• Nation


  Group of people that shared a common history, language, etc.
• state


  political unit/ well-defined territory
• nation-state


  when citizens of a state belong to only one nation
• People, Territory, Government, Sovereignty 


  Elements of State
• Authority


  right to command/ command to make a person do things/ response to person's perceived power/ it can be your boss/ more than power/ granted by legitimacy in a formal manner
• Legitimacy


  makes authority bining/ gives form to authority/ moral and ethical concept
• Traditional, Charismatic, Rational-legal/Bureaucratic Authority


  Weber's 3 types of Authority
• Traditional Authority 


  legitimacy is derived from well-established customs, habits (ex. Monarchial rule)
• Charismatic Authority 


  extraordinary personal abilities that inspire devotion (ex. Jesus of Nazareth)
• Charisma


  extraordinary personal qualities/ turns audience to followers
• Rational-Legal/bureaucratic authority 


  draws its legitimacy from formal rules/ most dominant way
• Government 


  one of the major components of social institution/ its actuvities are entrusted/ its legitimacy reliesin being recognized by the govern
• Legislative, Executive, and Judicial


  3 branches of Ph Government
• Constitution 


  provide a separation of power
• Legislative 


  makes the law
• Executive 


  carries out the law
• Judicial


  evaluates the law
• Congress, Senate, and house-of-representatives 


  under Legislative
• President, Vice-president, and Cabinet


  under Executive
• Supreme court and other courts


  under Judicial
• Monarchy, Democracy, Authoritarianism, and Totalitarianism 


  Forms of Government
• Monarchy 


  representative from one family controls the government/ power is passed through that family generation to generation
• Absolute Monarchy & Constitutional Monarchy 


  2 types of Monarchy
• Absolute Monarchy 


  monarch rules in their own right
• constitutional monarchy 


  power of monarch is limited
• Democracy


  citizenz choose officials tonrun their government
• Direct democracy & Representative Democracy 


  2 forms of democracy
• Direct Democracy 


  people vote directly to create laws & rules