dx test

• direct visualization thru cystoscope

  cystoscopy
• xray visualization of kidneys ureters bladder

  KUB
• x-ray visualization of k,u,b & contrast medium is inserted

  IVP
• outlines renal pelvis and uterus, w/ fiber optic urethroscope

  RPG
• xray while urinating

  voiding cystourethrogram
• recorded pressure exerted at varying phases of filling the bladder

  cystometrogram
• xray visualization of renal circulation as contrast medium is injected through renal artery

  renal arteriogram
• detects tumors,cyst,obstruction

  ultrasound of KUB