History

• Angle Mysore Wars


  1767 to 1799
• Kingdom of Awadh


  First to enter into an alliance with the East India Company through the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765
• Treaty of Allahabad


  1. Awadh would pay for the expenses of the defence of Awadh

  2. The East India Company undertook to defend the frontier of Awadh
• Awadh was annexed


  On the pretext of misrule in 1856
• States that accepted the Subsidiary Alliance

  • The Raja of Tanjore
  • The Sindhia
  • The Nizam of Hyderabad
  • The Ruler of Bharatpur
• Doctrine of Lapse


  If an Indian ruler died without a male heir, his kingdom would lapse, that is, it would come under the Company's territory in India
• States annexed using the Doctrine of Lapse


  • Jhansi
  • Satara
  • Jaitpur
  • Sambalpur
  • Udaipur
  • Nagpur
• The principle of Lapse was also applied to take away the titles and pensions of the rulers of some States</b>
• Regal titles of the Nawabs of Carnatic and Tanjore were taken away
• This caused discontent among the rulers as well as among the people in general
• Subsidiary Alliance


  An agreement between the British East India Company and the Indian Princely States by virtue of which these states lost their sovereignty to the British
• Terms of the Subsidiary Alliance

  • Accepted the British as the supreme power
  • Surrendered their foreign relations to the East India Company
  • Agreed not to enter into any alliance with any other power and would not wage wars
  • Accepted a British Resident at their headquarters
  • Agreed not to employ any European in their service without consulting the Company
  • Agreed to maintain British troops at their own cost
• The rulers of Indian States believed that their States were annexed not by the application of Doctrine of Lapse but by the 'lapse of all morals on the part of the British
• Lord Wellesley introduced the Subsidiary Alliance
• Lord Dalhousie annexed many Indian States to the Company using the Doctrine of Lapse