The Origin of the Earth

• Earth


  Our home planet
• The estimated age of Earth is 4.5 billion years ago
• Earth


  The solar system's fifth-largest planet
• Earth's diameter is roughly 8,000 miles
• Earth


  The third-closest planet to the sun
• Earth is 93 million miles away from the sun on average
• The closest planets to Earth are Venus and Mercury
• Earth


  The "Goldilocks planet"
• On Earth, everything is just right for life to exist
• Earth is the only planet known to have large amounts of liquid water
• Liquid water is essential for life
• Earth is the only planet where life is known to exist
• Equator


  An imaginary circle that divides Earth into two halves
• Northern Hemisphere


  The northern half of Earth
• Southern Hemisphere


  The southern half of Earth
• North Pole


  The northernmost point on Earth
• South Pole


  The southernmost point on Earth
• Crust


  The outermost layer of the Earth, on which we stand
• The crust is 70 Km thick on land, and 5 Km thick on some ocean floors
• Crust composition


  Mostly silica, alumina, lime, magnesia, and iron oxide (rust)
• Mantle


  The layer between the crust and core, denser than the crust
• The mantle is 3,000 Km in thickness
• Mantle composition


  Mostly silicate rocks rich in magnesium and iron
• The mantle contains molten rock called magma, which erupts as lava from volcanoes
• Convective currents in the mantle cause the tectonic plates to move and crash into each other, causing earthquakes
• Outer Core


  The layer of the Earth that is in a liquid state at a temperature of 5000 C, mostly made of iron and nickel
• Inner Core


  The hottest layer of the Earth, reaching 7000 C, in a solid state due to intense pressure
• Big Bang Theory


  The universe began as a single point, then expanded and stretched to grow as large as it is now
• Divine Theory (Genesis 1:1-2:4)

  1. Day 1 - Night and Day

  2. Day 2 - Sky and Sea

  3. Day 3 - Land and Vegetation

  4. Day 4 - Stars, Sun and Moon

  5. Day 5 - Sea creatures and Birds

  6. Day 6 - Animals and Mankind

  7. Day 7 - Rest
• Nebular Theory


  The Sun and planets formed from a giant cloud of molecular gas and dust that collapsed due to gravitational forces
• Disk Instability Theory


  Planets formed by accretion from a disc of dust and gas, with metals and silicates forming the terrestrial planets closer to the Sun
• Geology


  The scientific study of the Earth, particularly its rocks and soils
• Engineering Geology


  The scientific study of geology in relation to civil engineering projects
• Engineering geologists need to identify local rock and soil conditions and anticipate natural hazards to design, construct, and operate structures safely and economically
• The sun, planets, asteroids, comets, and meteorites are all part of our solar system.
• The formation of the solar system is believed to have occurred about 4.6 billion years ago.
• Our solar system consists of eight major planets that orbit around the Sun.