hemiptera

• hemiptera - these are true bugs.
• hemelytra - their wings are composed of two pairs; one is with harder consistency.
• reduviidae - this type of hemipteran do not feed on plants.
• cimicidae - this type of hemipteran do feed on plants.
• predacious reduviids - inflict painful bites.
• parasitic reduviids - inflict painless bites.
• assassin bugs - an example of predacious reduviids.
• kissing bugs - an example of parasitic reduviids.
• cimicids - this type of hemipteran does also inflict painless bites like kissing bugs.
• bedbugs - bites cause little reaction in some persons, whereas in others they cause considerable inflammation as a result of allergic reactions to the –'s saliva.
• hemoglobin - the annoyance may disturb sleep, and persistent feeding of the bug may reduce a person's – count significantly.
• at least 18 months - life span of bedbugs.
• paramere - a male copulatory appendage which curves strongly to the left.
• aedegus - penis.
• paragenital sinus - a notch near the right side of the posterior border of the female's fifth abdominal sternite. This is where the paramere enters.
• spermalege - this is a pocket found in female bedbug which receives sperms during copulation and from which they emerge into the hemocoele and make their way to the oviducts.
• seminal conceptacles - analogous to spermatheca.
• blood meal - is necessary before males mate the females then oviposition.
• cimicids - are reddish brown up to about 8mm long.
• 5-10 - they stay on their host only for – minutes for feeding.
• cimex lectularius - common bedbugs, attacks mammals and poultry + humans.
• cimex hemipterus - oriental bedbug, attacks mammals and birds + humans.
• spinose - thick bristles.
• adults - have pairs of thoracic stink gland.
• nymphs - have dorsal abdominal stink gland.
• poultry - cimicides causes severe irritation and anemia in –.
• man - cimicides causes allergy, asthma, insomia, nervousness in –.
• pasteurella - plaque.
• virus - leprosy.
• l. donovani - kala-azar.
• ricketssia - relapsing fever.
• leptospira - leptospirosis.
• sialomes - bedbug saliva contains protein called – with an anesthetic property to numb the pain associated with the bite.
• posterior station transmission - after a blood meal, they defecate and usually turn around in such a way that its feces fall on or near the wound bite, thus providing possibility of disease transmission.
• assassin bugs - most reduviids are predators on other insects and so they are called as what?
• cone-nosed bugs - their head is cone shape and wings are well developed.
• triatominae - sub family of reduviidae.
• trypanosoma cruzi - triatominae are vectors of what parasite?
• chaga's disease - trypanosoma cruzi causes what disease?
• kissing bugs - their bite to their host is unnoticed and they often bite the lips of the sleeping person and so they are called the what?