SCIENCE 7 Q4

• A greenhouse is a structure designed to protect plants that need regulated climatic conditions to grow.
• a greenhouse also protects plants from excessive cold, heat, wind, and rain.
• the particle of theory of matter- states that matter consists of many very small particles ( atoms and molecules) that are in constant motion and are held together by attractive forces.
• solid- particles are tightly packed together and vibrate in place.
• liquid- particles have weaker bonds, so they can slide past one another.
• gases- have particles with high kinetic energy, allowing them to move quickly and far apart.
• thermal energy - the speed at which particles move is largely determined by the amount of energy they contain.
• heat- is a thermal energy that flows between bodies or regions due to temperature differences
• heat- considered as energy in transit.
• heat- flows from a body at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature .
• heat transfer continues until the bodies reach the same temperature , or what we called THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM.
• temperature- refers to the degree of hotness and coldness of a substance and is measured using a TEMPERATURE SCALE. The farenhaeit, celsius, and kelvin scales are used to measure the temperature.
• temperature- is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
• particles of HOT WATER move FASTER than particles of COLD WATER
• HEAT is a form of energy and TEMPERATURE is a measure of energy.
• heat in environment may be transferred by CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, OR RADIATION
• conduction- is the transfer of heat from one substance to another by direct contact.
• conductors- are materials through which heat can be quickly transferred.
• GAS are poor conductors
• GASES- molecules that are far apart and rarely collide
• LIQUID are still not good conductors
• SOLID better conductors
• METAL is an example of an object that has a good conductor of heat
• INSULATOR- material that prevents or slows down the flow of energy, such as electricity or heat
• THERMOS is an insulator because it doesnt allow the transfer of heat easily
• Heat- energy that transfers from a body with a higher temperature to a body with a lower temperature.
• joules- s.i. unit of heat
• heat transfer- the process wherein thermal energy is exchanged between objects due to their temperature differences
• CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, RADIATION- 3 methods of heat transfer.
• conduction- occurs when two objects are in direct contact to each other mostly occur in solid
• conductors- materials that allow to readily flow through them.
• insulators- materials that transfer heat poorly. like plastics rubber and wood thats why mostly of them are handles
• convection- method of heat transfer through the circulation of heat and gas.
• radiation- heat moves through empty space like (outer space)
• radiation- transfer of heat by means of electromagnetic waves