organic compounds

• Alkanes


  • Used as fuel, refrigerant, petrochemical feedstock
• Alkynes


  • Used for welding, cutting, rocket fuel
• Examples of aromatic hydrocarbons

  • Phenol
  • Benzaldehyde
  • Benzoic acid
  • Benzene
• Functional groups in organic compounds

  • Alcohol (-OH)
  • Aldehyde (C=O)
  • Ketone (C=O)
  • Carboxylic acid (O-C=O)
  • Ester (O-C=O-R')
  • Ether (R-O-R')
  • Amine (-NH2)
  • Amide (NH2-C=O)
• Aldehydes


  • Used in building materials, preservatives, disinfectants, photography, fertilizers, cosmetics
• Examples of ketones


  • 2-propanone (acetone)
  • Butanone
• Examples of esters


  • Ethyl ethanoate (ethyl acetate)
  • Ethyl butanoate
• Esters


  • Used as solvents, flavourings, in coatings
• Ethers


  • Used as anaesthetics, solvents, propellants, refrigerants, fuels
• Amides


  • Used as solvents, softeners, plasticizers, hygroscopic agents, in explosives