Biology 10

• Autonomic Nervous system


  This system is associated with the involuntary control of body movements
• Synapse


  The chemical crosses the space between neurons called this and stimulates the nerve impulse to start in the next dendrite
• The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal nerve.
• Complementary strand


  The replicated strand or complementary strand of the given strand of DNA
• There are 6 different codons for leucine
• Aspartic acid


  The codon GAU is for this
• Stop codon


  If the second base is G, the first and third bases are U and A
• Most fossils be found in Sedimentary Rock
• Pre-Cambrian

  The Era in which the oldest fossils can be found
• Cytoplasm


  Where ribosomes are located in the cell
• Translation

  The process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids that make a protein
• Evolution

  The process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms over time
• Geologic Time Scale


  GTC is a record of the geologic events and the evolution of life forms as shown in the fossil records
• Pancreas


  This gland secretes insulin that regulates blood sugar levels in our body
• Thymus


  This gland enables the body to produce certain antibodies
• Ovulation


  A woman's unsafe period is the day near or during this
• Spinal cord


  This carries all impulses throughout the body to and from the brain
• Prostate gland


  It secretes milky fluids
• Gene Mutation


  This is the result when there is an error during meiosis
• Heart is not a part of the endocrine system
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)


  This hormone is for regulation of estrogen and Progesterone level
• Hormone


  A chemical substance produced by glands in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs which carries through the bloodstream throughout the body
• Hormones have great impact on your growth, appearance, emotions, and reproductive functions
• Hormones


  • Thyroxine
  • Oxytocin
  • Vasopressin
  • Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
  • Parathormone
  • Thymosin
  • Adrenaline
• Endocrine System


  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid gland
  • Parathyroid gland
  • Pancreas
  • Pineal gland
  • Ovary
  • Testis
  • Adrenal gland
• Hormonal imbalance


  An abnormality in the levels or functioning of hormones in the body
• Causes of hormonal imbalance

  • Medical conditions like PCOS or thyroid disorders
  • Age
  • Stress
  • Lifestyle factors like poor diet, lack of exercise, and inadequate sleep
• Disorders from endocrine gland dysfunction

  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Diabetes
  • Addison's disease
• Dwarfism


  Dysfunction of the anterior pituitary gland which produces growth hormone
• Gigantism


  Also related to the dysfunction of the anterior pituitary gland
• Goiter


  Enlargement of the thyroid gland
• PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)


  Involves the dysfunction of the ovaries and is associated with hormonal imbalances
• Hypogonadism


  Occurs when the testes in males or the ovaries in females produce insufficient sex hormones
• Parts of the Male Reproductive System

  • Testes
  • Vas deferens
  • Penis (root, body, glans)
  • Urethra
  • Epididymis
  • Seminal vesicle
  • Prostate gland
  • Bulbourethral gland
• Female Reproductive Organs


  • Ovary
  • Oviduct
  • Uterus (Endometrium)
  • Vagina
• Homeostasis


  The state of balance in our body, maintained by the endocrine system
• Endocrine Glands


  • Pituitary
  • Thyroid
  • Parathyroid
  • Thymus
  • Adrenal
  • Pancreas
  • Ovaries
  • Testes
  • Pineal
• Pituitary Gland


  • Anterior secretes hormones involved in body growth and development
  • Posterior secretes hormones
• Thyroid Gland


  • Produces hormones that help regulate the body's energy metabolism
• Parathyroid


  • Necessary for calcium absorption