Physics 6.4

Created by

Elisha

Cards (21)

Components of the solar system
4 inner rocky planets
4 outer gas planets
Asteroid belt
Dwarf planets
Comets
Sun
The star the solar system orbits around, produces heat and light
Planets in the solar system
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Terrestrial planet 
A planet composed primarily of silicated rock/metal
Gas giant
A large planet composed mostly of gases, such as hydrogen and helium, with a relatively small rocky core
Dwarf planet
A small planet that is too small to be an actual planet
Planetoid
A small body that orbits the sun but is too small to be a planet
Satellite
A natural body that orbits a planet and reflects light from the sun
Comet
A ball of rock and ice that produces a tail as it gets closer to the sun
Asteroid 
A large rock mainly found in a belt between Mars and Jupiter
Order of planets from the sun
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Astronomical Unit (AU)
The distance between the Earth and the Sun, approximately 150,000,000 km
Light year 
The distance light travels in one year, 9,490,730,472,580,800 metres
Our solar system is about 4 light years in diameter, the Milky Way is about 100,000 light years in diameter
The observable universe is 15 billion light years from the sun, having a diameter of 30 billion light years
Life cycle of stars
1. Nebula
2. Protostar
3. Main sequence
4. Red giant
5. White dwarf
6. Red supergiant
7. Supernova
8. Neutron star
9. Black hole
The dust and elements thrown out by dying massive stars can get recycled to form new stars
Luminosity
The brightness of a star
The Sun
Gravity pulling inward
Gas pressure pushing outward
Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram 
Shows stars according to their temperature and brightness (luminosity)
Types of stars on the H-R diagram
Blue supergiants
Red supergiants
Main sequence stars
White dwarfs