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• Improvised Explosive Device (IED)


  A homemade device consisting of an explosive charge and firing components that is necessary to initiate an explosion
• How IEDs Work


  1. SWITCH

  2. POWER SOURCE

  3. INITIATOR

  4. CONTAINER

  5. EXPLOSIVES

  6. ENHANCEMENT
• SWITCH


  Makes or breaks the switching mechanism of an IED in order to start an explosives initiation
• Types of Switches


  • Over-the-counter (OTC) switches
  • Homemade switches
  • Custom electronic switches
• POWER SOURCE


  Provides the energy to initiate an explosion
• Types of Power Source

  • Electrical Energy
  • Mechanical Energy
• INITIATOR


  Starts the explosive train. This usually consists of highly sensitive materials
• Types of Initiators


  • Non-electric
  • Electric
• CONTAINER


  Provides confinement and/or concealment to the explosive charge or to the whole IED itself
• EXPLOSIVES


  Any substance or device that can produce a volume of rapidly expanding gas in an extremely brief period
• Types of Explosives


  • Mechanical Explosives
  • Nuclear Explosives
  • Chemical Explosives
• Mechanical Explosives


  Depends on a physical reaction, such as overloading a container with compressed air
• Nuclear Explosives


  A nuclear explosive is one in which a sustained nuclear reaction can be made to take place with almost instant rapidity, releasing large amounts of energy
• Types of Chemical Explosives

  • Detonating, or high, explosives
  • Deflagrating, or low, explosives
• Improvised explosives


  Produced by commercially available ingredients that are intended for legitimate purpose other than production of explosives
• Improvised explosives


  • Tri-Acetone Tri-Peroxide or TATP
• ENHANCEMENT


  An optional component added in an IED assembly in order to enhance the usual effect of the device
• Types of Enhancement


  • Fragmentation enhancement
  • Chemical enhancement
• Chemical Enhancement


  • Tokyo Subway Sarin Attack
  • March 20, 1995
  • Perpetrated by Aum Shinrikyo
  • Killing 13 people, severely injuring 50 and causing temporary vision problems for nearly 1,000 others
  • Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department police officers respond to the scene
• IED Components


  • SWITCH
  • POWER SOURCE
  • INITIATOR
  • CONTAINER
  • EXPLOSIVES
  • ENHANCEMENT
• Types of IED


  • Command Wire IED
  • Radio Controlled IEDS
  • Victim Operated IEDS
  • Suicide-Borne IEDS
• Counter IED Equipments/Measure


  • Jammer
  • Robots
  • Bomb Disposal Suite
  • Trained Dog