CHAPTER 3
Cards (28)
- The book form in which pages (or leaves) of material such as parchment, vellum, or paper, are gathered into bundles and bound together—initially by sewing, now usually by glueing— and then provided with a cover to protect the sheets.
- The perceived quality or merit of the work: what it is worth according to that culture’s standards of artistic importance or excellence
- or objects made from clay (baked clay): such as vessels that are formed for specific uses and hardened either by drying in the air or by baking in high heat. Often, earthenware goods are distinguished from more refined clay-based objects that are creating with additional processing of the material or different/more complex firing methods. See porcelain
- 22K gold pounded into extremely thin sheets, to be applied selectively to areas of 2-d or 3-d objects.
- clay objects that are shaped by hand, often by wrapping and smoothing coils of clay into the desired form. These are distinguished from wheel-thrown or mold-made goods.
- literally, given light, specifically through the use of gold or silver for letting of illustrative touches in a manuscript. The term is also sometime used to describe manuscripts that have images added to them, as opposed to simply including lettered text
- literally, hand-written presentation of script and/or images. The form was supplanted by books produced with a printing press, although the term is still used for a singular copy of a written work.
- plural of 'mausoleum': a building designed to house one or more tombs, usually for an important person. These were most often centrally-planned, with a design that pivoted around the burial site. In Christian usage, these were sometimes attached to a larger, congregational structure, but sometimes stood alone. They might house more than one tomb.
- the worth of materials or objects, in terms of “market value.” This might be determined by the value of the materials use or of the finished art object, considered differently from the cost of the materials.
- sheepskin, prepared for use in manuscripts—less refined than vellum, used for finer and more expensive works
- painted in several colors.
- highly refined ceramic ware, initially produced in China, with select materials like petuntse and kaolin, to create semi-translucent material, with elegant shapes, and glass-like, intricately decorated surfaces, and high-temp fired for hardened finishes
- pottery made with the use of a potter’s wheel, a device for turning the clay body on a rotating platform for a more uniform shape. These were first turned by hand, knee, or pedal motion, later electrified.
- plural of putto: a small winged baby angel, a cherub.
- bounty taken from and original context, as in the “spoils of war.” Often, items of spolia were re-used in later works to imply the conquest (and superiority) of the new owner over the original.
- calfskin, prepared for use in luxury manuscripts, more highly prized than the rougher, less expensive parchment.
- Rich purple marble stone
- the Roman ruler who decreed early Christians could practice their faith without persecution and confiscated land should be returned to the Church.
- or a stone coffin, that was richly carved with motifs from both the pagan Roman and Christian faiths.
- the god of the wine harvest and wine making who as a baby was reborn after having been slaughtered by the Titans.
- the sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecration of the bread and wine as the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ.
- table or other surface where religious rituals are carried out
- a smaller semi-circle to either side,
- Re-used parts such as the porphyry columns, gemstones, and ivory panels are known as this
- something like worship
- used to provide visual contrast and to emphasize both the distinctive and diverse qualities among the materials brought together and the refined craftsmanship involved
- is resin from trees found in continental Asia that hardens to a natural plastic when exposed to the air
- used for minting coins and forming sculptural objects.