Computer7

• Computer


  A general-purpose machine that can perform many computational tasks
• Computer Programming


  A program is a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do
• Software


  Another term for program, a set of computer programs and associated documentation and data
• Computer Programmer


  Someone who creates programs
• 2 Major classes of Programs

  1. Application Program
  2. Operating System
• Application Program


  • Carries out some function directly for a user, such as word processing or game-playing
• Operating System

  • Manages the computer and the various resources and devices connected to it, such as RAM, hard drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, and modems, so that they may be used by other programs
• Types of Application Program

  • Compiler
  • Interpreter
  • Assembler
• Compiler


  • Translates text files written in a high-level programming language such as Fortran, C, or Pascal from the source code to the object code all at once
• Interpreter


  • Converts high level language program to machine language line by line
• Assembler


  • A software that converts programs written in assembly language into machine language
• Program Source File


  An ordered list of instructions
• Source Code


  The individual instructions that make up the program source file
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)


  The heart and brain of the computer, where all mathematical and logical forms of processing are done on data
• Forms of Memory

  • Internal Memory
  • Secondary Memory
• Internal Memory


  • Stores programs and data that are executed and processed by the computer
• Secondary Memory


  • Memory that can hold data for a long period of time
• Input


  Any data the computer collects from the outside world
• Input Device


  Anything that collects data and sends it to the computer
• Output


  Any data the computer sends to the outside world
• Output Device


  Formats data and presents it to the outside world
• High-Level Language


  Programming languages that are closer to human language than to machine language
• Examples of High-Level Language

  • Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL)
  • Formula Translation (FORTRAN)
  • Pascal and C
• COBOL


  • Designed to solve business problems like accounting
• FORTRAN


  • A high level language used for scientific and engineering applications
• Pascal and C


  • General-purpose languages, high-level but can be embedded with assembly language code effectively making these languages middle-level languages
• Generation Languages

  • Machine Language
  • Assembly Language
  • High-Level Language
• JavaScript


  Also known as JS, one of the most popular and widely used programming languages in the world, a scripting language designed to add interactive features to HTML
• Brendan Eich


  Invented JavaScript in 1995
• ECMA 262


  The official name of the JavaScript standard
• ECMAScript


  The official name of the JavaScript language
• ECMAScript Versions


  It has 14 versions and each version has been abbreviated to ES
• Places to put JavaScript code

  • Between the Body Tag of HTML
  • Between the Head Tag of HTML
  • In .js file (external JavaScript)
• Ways JavaScript can display data

  • Writing into an HTML, using innerHTML
  • Writing into the HTML output using document.write()
  • Writing into an alert box, using window.alert()
  • Writing into the browser console, using console.log()
• Variables


  Used to store up temporary data to be used in program's runtime
• Statement


  Programming instructions, also called JavaScript code
• Semicolon


  Separates JavaScript statements, allows multiple statements on one line
• Data Types

  • Character
  • String
  • Boolean
  • Integers
  • Floating Point
• Character


  Holds a single character
• String


  Holds a set of Characters/Texts