Paper 1 t1-4

Created by

Isla nash

Cards (97)

[1.1]
Name the 8 types of energy store.
Energy can be stored as:
- Thermal
- Chemical
- Kinetic
- Magnetic
- Elastic potential energy
- Electrostatic
- Nuclear
- Gravitational potential energy
[1.1]
What is a system?
A system is an object or group of objects where energy is transferred between them.
[1.1]
Give the 2 types of system and their properties.
Systems can either be open or closed, where an open allows energy and matter to enter and leave, while a closed does not.
[1.2]
Give the formula for kinetic energy. 
Eₖ = ¹/₂mv²
Energy = ¹/₂ x Mass x Velocity²
[1.3]
Give the formula for gravitational potential energy. 
Eₚ = mgh
Energy = Mass x Gravitational Strength x Height
[2.1]
What is the purpose of switches?
The purpose of switches is to control whether electrons can flow through a circuit.
[2.1]
What is potential difference measured in?
Potential difference is measured in Volts (V).
[2.1]
Which way do electrons flow in a circuit and why?
In a circuit, electrons flow from the negative cell terminal to the positive one; this happens as electrons are negative and so they repel away from the negative terminal, and are attracted to the positive one.
[2.3]
What is charge? 
Charge is a measure of the flow of a current over a certain period of time.
[2.3]
Give the equation for charge.
Q = It
Charge = Current x Time
[2.4]
What is the purpose of a diode?
The purpose of a diode is to only allow a current to flow in one direction.
[2.4]
What is the purpose of a light-emitting diode? 
The purpose of a light-emitting diode is to emit light when a current travels across a certain direction.
[2.4]
How is an ammeter connected to a circuit?
An ammeter is connected in series to a circuit.
[2.4]
Describe the symbol for an ammeter.
The symbol for an ammeter is an 'A' surrounded by a circle.
[2.4]
What is the purpose of a variable resistor?
The purpose of a variable resistor is to provide an easily modifiable amount of resistance.
[2.4]
Describe the symbol for a variable resistor.
The symbol for a variable resistor is a rectangle with an arrow passing from the bottom left through to the top right.
[2.4]
What is the purpose of a thermistor?
The purpose of a thermistor is to provide a varying amount of resistance based on temperature (where temperature and resistance have a negative correlation).
[2.4]
Describe the symbol for a thermistor.
The symbol for a thermistor is a rectangle with a line travelling from the bottom left to the top right, with a small foot at the bottom.
[2.4]
Describe the symbol for a light-dependant resistor.
The symbol for a light-dependant resistor is a rectangle with no wire passing through, surrounded by a circle with 2 arrows pointing inwards at the top left.
[2.6]
Describe the potential difference and current across a parallel circuit.
In a parallel circuit:
- Current is shared across the components
- Potential difference is constant
[2.6]
How does resistance affect current across a path in a parallel circuit?
In a parallel circuit, a higher resistance causes less current across that specific path.
[2.6]
How does the number of components in a parallel circuit affect total resistance?
As the number of components in a parallel circuit increases, the total resistance decreases as there are a greater number of paths for current to travel.
[2.6]
Give the 2 formulas for energy.
E = Pt
Energy = Power x Time

E = QV
Energy = Charge x Voltage
[2.7]
Give the 2 formulas for power.
P = IV
Power = Current x Voltage

P = I² x R
Power = Current² x Resistance
[2.8]
What is the National Grid?
The National Grid is the network of high-voltage power lines that distribute electricity.
[2.8]
How is electricity produced in power stations?
In power stations, electricity is produced through transferring thermal energy to electrical.
[2.8]
How does a high voltage reduce power loss in the National Grid?
In the National Grid, a high voltage compensates for a lower current; this is significant as lower currents generate less heat and therefore less resistance, meaning less electricity is lost to said resistance.
[2.10]
Name the 3 wires and their colours within a plug.
Within a plug, there is a:
- Live wire (brown)
- Neutral wire (blue)
- Earth wire (green and yellow)
[2.10]
What is the purpose and voltage of the earth wire?
The purpose of the earth wire is to stop the appliance becoming live in case of a fault through an alternative pathway, with a voltage of 0V.
Give an approximation for the radius of an atom.
1x10⁻¹⁰ metres
What are the three subatomic constituents of an atom?
1. proton
2. neutron
3. electron
Where is most of the mass of an atom concentrated?
in the nucleus
Approximately what proportion of the total radius of an atom is the radius of the nucleus?
1/10,000
Describe the arrangement of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom.
- The protons and neutrons are found in the atom's nucleus
- the electrons are found in discrete energy levels around the nucleus
What type of charge does the nucleus of an atom have? why?
- Positive charge
- The nucleus contains protons and neutrons
- Protons have a positive charge
- Neutrons have no charge
Give two ways that an atom's electron arrangement can be changed.
1. Absorbing electromagnetic radiation
2. Emitting electromagnetic radiation
Explain how an atom's electron arrangement changes when it absorbs EM radiation.
- Electrons move further away from the nucleus
- They move to a higher energy level
Explain how an atom's electron arrangement changes when it emits EM radiation
- Electrons move closer to the nucleus
- They move to a lower energy level
How does the ratio of electrons to protons in an atom result in the atom having no overall charge?
- The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
- Protons and electrons have equal and opposite charges, so charge cancelsSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
What do all forms of the same element have in common?
They all have the same number of protons