Psychodynamic approach

• What does the unconscious mind influence?

  Behavior
• Who developed the psychodynamic approach?

  Sigmund Freud
• What are the three parts of the mind according to Freud?

  1. Conscious: aware thoughts
  2. Pre-conscious: accessible memories
  3. Unconscious: hidden drives and instincts
• What is the tripartite structure of personality?

  It consists of ID, Ego, and Superego
• What does the ID represent in Freud's theory?

  Primitive desires demanding instant gratification
• What is the role of the Ego in Freud's model?

  Mediates between ID and Superego
• What does the Superego represent?

  Internalized sense of right and wrong
• How many psychosexual stages are there?

  Five
• What are the five psychosexual stages?

  1. Oral (0-1 years)
  2. Anal (1-3 years)
  3. Phallic (3-5 years)
  4. Latency (6-puberty)
  5. Genital (puberty onward)
• What is the focus of pleasure during the Oral stage?

  Mouth, particularly the mother's breast
• What is the focus of pleasure during the Anal stage?

  Anal region, withholding and eliminating feces
• What is the focus of pleasure during the Phallic stage?

  Genital area
• What happens during the Latency stage?

  Earlier conflicts are repressed
• What is the focus of pleasure during the Genital stage?

  Sexual desires become conscious
• What is the Oedipus Complex?

  Conflict during the Phallic stage involving feelings for the mother
• What do boys do during the Oedipus Complex?

  Repress feelings for mother and identify with father
• What do girls experience during the Oedipus Complex?

  Penis envy
• What are defense mechanisms according to Freud?

  • Strategies used by the ego to reduce anxiety
  • Unconscious methods to manage distress
• What is repression as a defense mechanism?

  Forcing a distressing memory out of consciousness
• What is denial as a defense mechanism?

  Refusing to acknowledge some aspect of reality
• What is displacement as a defense mechanism?

  Transferring feelings to a substitute target
• What is a strength of the psychodynamic approach?

  It has explanatory power for various behaviors
• What is a limitation of Freud's case study method?

  It relies on a small number of cases
• What does psychic determinism suggest?

  All behavior is determined by unconscious conflicts
• What does Freud suggest about slips of the tongue?

  They are driven by unconscious forces
• What is a criticism of the psychodynamic approach's determinism?

  It suggests free will has no influence