ENG 8

• Setting


  The time and place where the story took place
• Setting


  • On the first day of classes, inside the classroom...
  • One afternoon, along the school garden...
• Characters


  Persons, animals, or things which play a role in a story
• Plot


  The sequence of events that happened in a story
• Exposition


  Background information on the characters and setting explained at the beginning of the story
• Rising Action


  All the events that happen in a story on the way to the climax
• Climax


  The most intense, exciting, or emotionally charged point in a narrative
• Falling Action


  The period of time in a story that follows the climax and begins to clarify the narrative, release tension, and wrap things up for the characters
• Resolution


  Occurs when the conflict is resolved and loose ends have been tied up
• Conflict


  A struggle between two or more opposing forces in a story
• Conflict


  • man vs. man
  • man vs. society
• Point of View


  The perspective from which the story is narrated or told
• Point of View


  • First Person
  • Second Person
  • Third Person
• Theme


  The main idea conveyed by the author in a literary work
• Theme


  • Honesty is the best policy.
  • Believe in yourself.
• Tone


  Reflects the attitude of the author in writing the story
• Mood


  The feeling or emotion that the reader gets when reading a story
• the 5 parts of a plot are: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution
• Author's Purpose

  The reason why they decided to write about something in the first place
• Types of Author's Purpose

  • To Persuade
  • To Inform
  • To Entertain
  • To Describe
  • To Explain
  • To Argue
  • To Instruct
• To Persuade

  To convince the reader to agree with a particular viewpoint or take a specific action
• To Inform

  To provide factual information to the reader
• To Entertain

  To engage and amuse the reader through storytelling, humor, or other means
• To Describe

  Uses vivid language to paint a picture in the reader's mind
• To Explain

  To clarify or simplify a complex topic or concept
• To Argue

  To present a reasoned case for or against a particular idea or position
• To Instruct

  To provide step-by-step guidance or directions to the reader
• There are three ways to categorize character types
• Ways to categorize character types


  • Group characters by the role they play over the course of the story
  • Group characters by quality, spelling out the way they change or stay the same within a narrative
  • Via archetypes— broad descriptions of the different types of characters that populate human storytelling
• 7 Character Roles in Stories

  • Protagonist
  • Antagonist
  • Love Interest
  • Confidant
  • Deuteragonists
  • Tertiary Characters
  • Foil
• Protagonist


  The central character in the story, known for their bravery, loyalty, and determination
• Antagonist


  The dark character who serves as the main opposition to the protagonist, seeking power and domination
• Love Interest


  The character who enters into a passionate romantic relationship with the protagonist
• Confidant


  The loyal friend or advisor who provides support, advice, and a narrative perspective to the protagonist
• Deuteragonists


  The wise and powerful mentor or guide who provides crucial advice, magical aid, and leadership to the protagonist
• Tertiary Characters


  Supporting characters who provide humor, social commentary, or contribute to the plot's intrigue and tragedy
• Foil


  A character whose contrasting traits or behaviors highlight and provide insight into the protagonist's character
• 5 Character Types That Appear in Fiction

  • Dynamic Character
  • Round Character
  • Static Character
  • Stock Character
  • Symbolic Character
• Dynamic Character


  A character who undergoes a profound psychological and emotional journey, struggling with inner conflicts and changing over the course of the story
• Round Character


  A complex, multidimensional character with diverse traits, flaws, and motivations that make them seem lifelike