Collateral Ligaments Functions

• Medial collateral ligament

  Resists valgus stress

  
• Lateral collateral ligament

  Resists varus stress

  
• • MCL - Valgus stress test
  • LCL - Varus stress test
  • Laxity in full extension - multi-ligament injury more likely
  • Laxity in 30 degrees flexion only - isolated collateral ligament rupture